Biotechnology and Bioengineering Graduate Program, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmır, Turkey.
Biotechnology and Bioengineering Graduate Program, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmır, Turkey; Department of Chemical Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2019 Jun 1;130:266-279. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.02.067. Epub 2019 Feb 20.
Recently, biologically active natural macromolecules have come into prominence to be used as potential materials in scaffold design due to their unique characteristics which can mimic the human tissue structure with their physical and chemical similarity. Among them, fish scale (FS) is a biologically active material with its structural similarity to bone tissue due to including type I collagen and hydroxyapatite and also have distinctive collagen arrangement. In the present study, it is aimed to design a novel composite scaffold with FS incorporation into chitosan (CH) matrix for bone tissue regeneration. Therefore, two biological macromolecules, fish scale and chitosan, were combined to produce bio-composite scaffold. First, FS were decellularized with the chemical method and disrupted physically as microparticles (100 μm), followed by dispersal in CH with ultrasonic homogenisation, CH/FS scaffolds were fabricated by lyophilization technique. Scaffolds were characterized physically, chemically, mechanically, and morphologically. SEM and porosity results showed that CH/FS scaffolds have uniform pore structure showing high porosity. Mechanical properties and degradation rate are enhanced with increasing FS content. In vitro cytotoxicity, proliferation and osteogenic activity of the scaffolds were evaluated with SaOS-2 cell line. CH/FS scaffolds did not show any cytotoxicity effect and the cells were gradually proliferated during culture period. Cell viability results showed that, FS microparticles had a proliferative effect on SaOS-2 cells when compared to control group. ALP activity and biomineralization studies indicated that FS microparticle reinforcement increased osteogenic activity during culture period. As a biological macromolecule with unique characteristics, FS was found as cytocompatible and provided promising effects as reinforcement agents for polymeric scaffolds. In conclusion, fabricated CH/FS bio-composites showed potential for bone tissue engineering applications.
最近，由于其独特的特性，能够在物理和化学性质上模拟人体组织结构，具有生物活性的天然大分子已成为支架设计中潜在材料的焦点。其中，鱼鳞（FS）是一种具有生物活性的材料，由于包含 I 型胶原蛋白和羟基磷灰石，其结构与骨组织相似，并且具有独特的胶原蛋白排列。在本研究中，旨在设计一种新型复合支架，将 FS 掺入壳聚糖（CH）基质中，用于骨组织再生。因此，将两种生物大分子，鱼鳞和壳聚糖，结合起来制备生物复合材料支架。首先，通过化学方法对 FS 进行脱细胞处理，并通过物理方法将其破坏为微颗粒（100μm），然后通过超声匀化分散在 CH 中，通过冷冻干燥技术制备 CH/FS 支架。对支架进行物理、化学、机械和形态学表征。SEM 和孔隙率结果表明，CH/FS 支架具有均匀的孔结构，显示出高孔隙率。随着 FS 含量的增加，机械性能和降解率得到提高。通过 SaOS-2 细胞系评估支架的体外细胞毒性、增殖和成骨活性。CH/FS 支架没有显示出任何细胞毒性作用，并且细胞在培养期间逐渐增殖。细胞活力结果表明，与对照组相比，FS 微颗粒对 SaOS-2 细胞具有增殖作用。ALP 活性和生物矿化研究表明，在培养期间，FS 微颗粒增强了成骨活性。作为一种具有独特特性的生物大分子，FS 被发现具有细胞相容性，并作为增强聚合物支架的添加剂具有广阔的前景。总之，制备的 CH/FS 生物复合材料显示出用于骨组织工程应用的潜力。
