Heifer International, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Department of Pathology and Clinics (HOD), Tribhuvan University, Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Rampur Campus, Chitwan, Nepal.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2019 Feb 25;13(2):e0006838. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006838. eCollection 2019 Feb.
Taenia solium is a zoonotic cestode parasite which causes human neurocysticercosis. Pigs transmit the parasite by acting as the intermediate host. An intervention was implemented to control transmission of T. solium by pigs in Dalit communities of Banke District, Nepal. Every 3 months, pigs were vaccinated with the TSOL18 recombinant vaccine (Cysvax, IIL, India)) and, at the same time, given an oral treatment with 30mg/kg oxfendazole (Paranthic 10% MCI, Morocco). The prevalence of porcine cysticercosis was determined in both an intervention area as well as a similar no intervention control area, among randomly selected, slaughter-age pigs. Post mortem assessments were undertaken both at the start and at the end of the intervention. Participants conducting the post mortem assessments were blinded as to the source of the animals being assessed. At the start of the intervention the prevalence of porcine cysticercosis was 23.6% and 34.5% in the control and intervention areas, respectively. Following the intervention, the prevalence of cysticercosis in pigs from the control area was 16.7% (no significant change), whereas no infection was detected after complete slicing of all muscle tissue and brain in animals from the intervention area (P = 0.004). These findings are discussed in relation to the feasibility and sustainability of T. solium control. The 3-monthly vaccination and drug treatment intervention in pigs used here is suggested as an effective and practical method for reducing T. solium transmission by pigs. The results suggest that applying the intervention over a period of years may ultimately reduce the number of tapeworm carriers and thereby the incidence of NCC.
猪带绦虫是一种人畜共患的绦虫寄生虫，可导致人体囊虫病。猪作为中间宿主传播寄生虫。在尼泊尔班克区的达利特社区实施了一项干预措施，以控制猪传播猪带绦虫。每 3 个月，猪用 TSOL18 重组疫苗（Cysvax，IIL，印度）进行疫苗接种，并同时口服 30mg/kg 奥芬达唑（Paranthic 10% MCI，摩洛哥）。在干预区和类似的无干预对照区，随机选择屠宰年龄的猪，确定猪囊尾蚴病的患病率。在干预开始和结束时进行死后评估。进行死后评估的参与者对被评估动物的来源是盲目的。在干预开始时，对照组和干预组的猪囊尾蚴病患病率分别为 23.6%和 34.5%。干预后，对照组猪的囊尾蚴病患病率为 16.7%（无显著变化），而干预组所有肌肉组织和脑组织完全切片后未发现感染（P = 0.004）。讨论了这些发现与猪带绦虫控制的可行性和可持续性。这里使用的每 3 个月对猪进行疫苗接种和药物治疗干预被认为是减少猪传播猪带绦虫的有效和实用方法。结果表明，多年来实施干预措施最终可能会减少绦虫携带者的数量，从而降低囊虫病的发病率。
