Li Huixiu, Cai Xiaoxu, Gong Jingyang, Xu Ting, Ding Guo-Chun, Li Ji
College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, Beijing, China.
Front Microbiol. 2019 Feb 27;10:342. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00342. eCollection 2019.
Soil-borne diseases are often less severe in organic farms, possibly because of the recruitment of beneficial microorganisms by crops. Here, the suppressiveness of organic, integrated, and conventionally managed soils to pepper blight () was studied in growth chamber experiments. Disease incidence was 41.3 and 34.1% lower in the soil from an organic farming system than in either the soil from the integrated or from the conventional farming systems, respectively. Beta-diversity of rhizospheric microbial communities differed among treatments, with enrichment of , Acidobacteria , , and by the organic soil. Cultivation-dependent analysis indicated that 50.3% of antagonists of isolated from the rhizosphere of healthy peppers were affiliated to . An integration of antagonists and bacterial diversity analyses indicated that antagonists were higher in the rhizosphere of pepper treated by the organic soil. A microbial consortium of 18 antagonists significantly increased the suppressiveness of soil from the integrated farming system against pepper blight. Overall, the soil microbiome under the long-term organic farming system was more suppressive to pepper blight, possibly owing to antagonism in the rhizosphere. This study provided insights into microbiome management for disease suppression under greenhouse conditions.
土传病害在有机农场中通常不那么严重，这可能是因为作物会招募有益微生物。在此，通过生长室试验研究了有机、综合和传统管理土壤对辣椒疫病（）的抑制作用。来自有机耕作系统的土壤中病害发生率分别比来自综合或传统耕作系统的土壤低41.3%和34.1%。根际微生物群落的β多样性在不同处理间存在差异，有机土壤使、酸杆菌、和富集。基于培养的分析表明，从健康辣椒根际分离出的50.3%的拮抗剂属于。拮抗剂与细菌多样性分析相结合表明，有机土壤处理的辣椒根际中拮抗剂含量更高。由18种拮抗剂组成的微生物联合体显著提高了综合耕作系统土壤对辣椒疫病的抑制作用。总体而言，长期有机耕作系统下的土壤微生物群对辣椒疫病的抑制作用更强，这可能是由于根际中的拮抗作用。本研究为温室条件下通过微生物群落管理来抑制病害提供了见解。
