Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Cra. 1E No. 19a-40, Bogotá, DC 111711, Colombia.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Cra. 1E No. 19a-40, Bogotá, DC 111711, Colombia.
Biosensors (Basel). 2019 Mar 15;9(1):41. doi: 10.3390/bios9010041.
Emerging water pollutants such as pharmaceutical contaminants are suspected to induce adverse effects to human health. These molecules became worrisome due to their increasingly high concentrations in surface waters. Despite this alarming situation, available data about actual concentrations in the environment is rather scarce, as it is not commonly monitored or regulated. This is aggravated even further by the absence of portable and reliable methods for their determination in the field. A promising way to tackle these issues is the use of enzyme-based and miniaturized biosensors for their electrochemical detection. Here, we present an overview of the latest developments in amperometric microfluidic biosensors that include, modeling and multiphysics simulation, design, manufacture, testing, and operation methods. Different types of biosensors are described, highlighting those based on oxidases/peroxidases and the integration with microfluidic platforms. Finally, issues regarding the stability of the biosensors and the enzyme molecules are discussed, as well as the most relevant approaches to address these obstacles.
新兴的水污染物，如药物污染物，据推测会对人类健康产生不良影响。这些分子由于在地表水中的浓度越来越高而引起了人们的担忧。尽管情况令人担忧，但关于环境中实际浓度的数据却相当缺乏，因为这些物质通常没有被监测或监管。由于缺乏便携式和可靠的现场测定方法，情况更加恶化。解决这些问题的一个有前途的方法是使用基于酶的和微型化的生物传感器进行电化学检测。在这里，我们介绍了安培型微流控生物传感器的最新进展，包括建模和多物理场模拟、设计、制造、测试和操作方法。描述了不同类型的生物传感器，重点介绍了基于氧化酶/过氧化物酶的生物传感器以及与微流控平台的集成。最后，讨论了生物传感器和酶分子的稳定性问题，以及解决这些障碍的最相关方法。
