Institute of Physiology of Коmi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, FRC Komi SC UB RAS, 50 Pervomayskaya str, Syktyvkar, 167982, Russia.
St. Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 9 Bronnitskaya str, St. Petersburg, 190013, Russia.
Lipids Health Dis. 2019 Mar 15;18(1):64. doi: 10.1186/s12944-019-1016-5.
The importance of blood lipids in the pathogenesis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is widely discussed in the literature. However, the published results that hyperlipidaemia causes hearing problems are contradictory. The objective of this study was to establish whether increased lipid levels affect the risk of idiopathic SSNHL.
A case-controlled study was conducted of 27 patients with idiopathic SSNHL and 24 healthy control subjects. All of the subjects underwent complete audiological examination. The plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, apoB and apoE were measured with commercially available kits (Chronolab Systems, Spain). Several clinical ratios and indices of lipid metabolism were calculated.
Detailed analysis of lipid metabolism in patients with idiopathic SSNHL has shown that disturbances in auditory function are associated with increased atherogenicity of the lipid profile. However, there were no significant differences in the conventional parameters of lipid metabolism (TC, TG and HDL-C) between patients with idiopathic SSNHL and subjects in the control group. Higher values of the apoB/apoA-I ratio, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and atherogenic index (ATH index) in patients with SSNHL indicated increased atherogenicity of the lipid profile. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that of these three indices, only higher values of the ATH index were significantly associated with an increased risk of idiopathic SSNHL.
The ATH index can be used as a marker indicating the risk of idiopathic SSNHL when the conventional lipid indices are still normal.
血脂在突发性聋（SSNHL）发病机制中的重要性在文献中广泛讨论。然而，关于高脂血症导致听力问题的研究结果存在矛盾。本研究旨在确定血脂水平升高是否会影响特发性 SSNHL 的发病风险。
对 27 例特发性 SSNHL 患者和 24 例健康对照者进行病例对照研究。所有受试者均接受全面的听力学检查。采用商用试剂盒（Chronolab Systems，西班牙）测定总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、载脂蛋白（apo）A-I、apoB 和 apoE 的血浆水平。计算了几种临床比值和脂代谢指数。
对特发性 SSNHL 患者脂代谢的详细分析表明，听觉功能障碍与血脂谱的致动脉粥样硬化性增加有关。然而，特发性 SSNHL 患者与对照组受试者之间的常规脂代谢参数（TC、TG 和 HDL-C）无显著差异。SSNHL 患者 apoB/apoA-I 比值、血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数（AIP）和致动脉粥样硬化指数（ATH 指数）较高，表明血脂谱的致动脉粥样硬化性增加。二元逻辑回归分析表明，在这三个指数中，只有 ATH 指数较高与特发性 SSNHL 的发病风险增加显著相关。
当常规血脂指数仍正常时，ATH 指数可作为特发性 SSNHL 发病风险的标志物。
