Dispositif de toxicovigilance Antilles, Centre Hospitalier de Basse-Terre, Basse-Terre, Guadeloupe; Direction de la Recherche Clinique et de l'Innovation, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Guadeloupe, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe.
Direction Alertes et Veille sanitaires, ANSES, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2019 Jul;69:51-56. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.03.017. Epub 2019 Mar 30.
In 2008, 30 active substances from plant protection products were banned from marketing in France. Nevertheless, the French Poison Control Centers continue to see cases of poisoning caused by these active substances that are no longer approved. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of the reported cases in mainland France and in overseas French territories, over the period 2012-2016. A total of 408 cases of human exposure were reported during the study period. The most commonly reported substances were dichlorvos (24.8%, n = 108), paraquat (23.8%, n = 97), aldicarb (14.7%, n = 60), diuron (9.6%, n = 39), dinocap (5.1%, n = 21), methomyl (4.2%, n = 17), carbofuran (3.9%, n = 16), anthraquinone (2.9%, n = 12) and carbendazim (2.7%, n = 11). The number of cases of intoxication dropped sharply between 2012 (n = 119) and 2016 (n = 47), except in the overseas French territories. Among the 72 serious cases (severe or life-threatening or with a fatal outcome), the most common substances involved were paraquat (n = 34), aldicarb (n = 24) and carbofuran (n = 7). This study suggests persistent use of carbamate insecticides, the existence of illegal imports of dichlorvos or paraquat-based products, and the use of certain banned fungicides in the professional agricultural sector. Information and collection campaigns are therefore essential after the withdrawal of marketing authorization for the plant protection products.
2008 年，法国禁止了 30 种植保产品中的活性物质在市场上销售。然而，法国中毒控制中心仍在处理因这些不再批准使用的活性物质而中毒的病例。本研究旨在描述 2012 年至 2016 年期间，法国本土和海外法属领土报告的病例特征。研究期间共报告了 408 例人体接触病例。报告的最常见物质是敌敌畏（24.8%，n=108）、百草枯（23.8%，n=97）、涕灭威（14.7%，n=60）、二氯喹啉酸（9.6%，n=39）、地亚农（5.1%，n=21）、灭多威（4.2%，n=17）、克百威（3.9%，n=16）、蒽醌（2.9%，n=12）和多菌灵（2.7%，n=11）。2012 年（n=119）和 2016 年（n=47）之间，中毒病例数量急剧下降，除海外法属领土外。在 72 例严重病例（严重或危及生命或致命）中，涉及的最常见物质是百草枯（n=34）、涕灭威（n=24）和克百威（n=7）。本研究表明，氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂仍在持续使用，存在未经许可进口敌敌畏或百草枯产品的情况，并且职业农业部门仍在使用某些已被禁用的杀真菌剂。因此，在植保产品撤销市场授权后，有必要开展信息和收集活动。
