整体身体运动训练可提高身体活动不足成年人的身体素养：一项初步干预研究。
Holistic physical exercise training improves physical literacy among physically inactive adults: a pilot intervention study.
机构信息
Institute of Health Management in Tourism, FH JOANNEUM, University of Applied Sciences, Bad Gleichenberg, Austria.
Department of Public Health, Institute for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention (IfGP), Graz, Austria.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2019 Apr 11;19(1):393. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-6719-z.
BACKGROUND
Physical literacy (PL), given as a multidimensional construct, is considered a person's capacity and commitment to a physically active lifestyle. We investigated the effect of a holistic physical exercise training on PL among physically inactive adults.
METHODS
A non-randomised controlled study was conducted. Thirty-one physically inactive adults in the intervention group (IG; 81% females, 44 ± 16 years) participated in a holistic physical exercise training intervention once weekly for 15 weeks. A matched, non-exercising control group (CG) consisted of 30 physically inactive adults (80% female, 45 ± 11 years). PL, compliance and sociodemographic parameters were measured. PL was evaluated by a questionnaire, covering five domains: physical activity behaviour, attitude towards a physically active lifestyle, exercise motivation, knowledge and self-confidence/self-efficacy. Data were analysed using ANCOVA models, adjusted for age, gender and BMI at baseline.
RESULTS
At post-training intervention, the IG showed significant improvements in PL (p = 0.001) and in the domains physical activity behaviour (p = 0.02) and exercise self-confidence/self-efficacy (p = 0.001), with no changes overserved for the CG regarding PL and those domains. No intervention effect were found for the other three domains, i.e. attitude, knowledge and motivation. Additionally, for the IG baseline BMI was identified to be positively correlated with physical exercise-induced improvements in PL (β = 0.51, p = 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS
The results from this study are very useful for further public health activities, which aim at helping physically inactive adults to adopt a physically active lifestyle as well as for the development of further PL intervention strategies. This pilot-study was a first attempt to measure PL in inactive adults. Yet, a validated measurement tool is still not available. Further research is necessary to determine the psychometric properties for this PL questionnaire.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS), DRKS00013991 , date of registration: 09.02.2018, retrospectively registered.
背景
身体素养（PL）作为一个多维结构，被认为是一个人参与积极生活方式的能力和承诺。我们研究了整体身体锻炼训练对身体不活跃成年人 PL 的影响。
方法
进行了一项非随机对照研究。干预组（IG）有 31 名身体不活跃的成年人（81%为女性，44±16 岁）每周参加一次整体身体锻炼训练，共 15 周。一个匹配的、不运动的对照组（CG）由 30 名身体不活跃的成年人（80%为女性，45±11 岁）组成。测量了 PL、依从性和社会人口统计学参数。PL 通过涵盖五个领域的问卷进行评估：身体活动行为、对积极生活方式的态度、锻炼动机、知识和自信/自我效能。使用调整基线时年龄、性别和 BMI 的协方差分析模型对数据进行分析。
结果
在训练干预后的随访中，IG 在 PL（p=0.001）和身体活动行为（p=0.02）和锻炼自信/自我效能（p=0.001）方面的得分均有显著提高，而 CG 组在 PL 和这些方面的得分没有变化。在其他三个领域，即态度、知识和动机，没有发现干预效果。此外，对于 IG，基线 BMI 与身体锻炼引起的 PL 改善呈正相关（β=0.51，p=0.01）。
结论
本研究的结果对于进一步的公共卫生活动非常有用，这些活动旨在帮助身体不活跃的成年人养成积极的生活方式，并为进一步的 PL 干预策略的发展提供信息。这项初步研究是首次尝试测量不活跃成年人的 PL。然而，目前还没有可用的经过验证的测量工具。需要进一步的研究来确定该 PL 问卷的心理测量特性。
试验注册
德国临床试验注册处（DRKS），DRKS00013991，注册日期：2018 年 2 月 9 日，回顾性注册。
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