Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Nutrition and Food Science Doctorate Program (RD 99/2011), University of Granada, 18002 Granada, Spain.
Nutrients. 2019 Apr 3;11(4):774. doi: 10.3390/nu11040774.
Oxidative Balance Scores (OBSs) are tools that have emerged to evaluate the global balance of individuals' oxidation-reduction status. The aim was to compare OBSs available in the literature regarding their characteristics and associations with chronic diseases in epidemiological studies. Studies that developed OBSs were searched in PubMed until August 2018. A total of 21 OBSs were identified. These OBSs presented different scoring schemes and different types of anti- and pro-oxidant components, including dietary factors (dietary intake and/or nutrient biomarkers), lifestyle factors, and medications. Most OBSs were based on over 10 components, and some included only dietary factors. Few considered weighted components in the score. Only three OBSs were validated as potential surrogates of oxidative balance through inflammation and OS-related biomarkers. Notably, all the OBSs were associated-to a varying degree-with a reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, colorectal adenomas, and different cancer types (colorectal and breast cancer), as well as with all-cause and cancer-related mortality. For other outcomes, e.g., prostate cancer, contradictory results were reported. In summary, there is a great heterogeneity in the definition of OBSs. Most studies are concordant in supporting that excessive OS reflected by a lower OBS has deleterious effects on health. Unified criteria for defining the proper OBSs, valuable to gauge OS-related aspects of the diet and lifestyle that may lead to adverse health outcomes, are needed.
氧化平衡评分（OBS）是一种评估个体氧化还原状态整体平衡的工具。本研究旨在比较文献中现有的 OBS，评估其特征及其与流行病学研究中慢性疾病的相关性。我们在 PubMed 中检索了截至 2018 年 8 月开发 OBS 的研究。共确定了 21 种 OBS。这些 OBS 具有不同的评分方案和不同类型的抗氧化和促氧化剂成分，包括饮食因素（饮食摄入和/或营养素生物标志物）、生活方式因素和药物。大多数 OBS 基于 10 多个成分，有些仅包括饮食因素。少数考虑了评分中的加权成分。只有三种 OBS 通过炎症和 OS 相关生物标志物被验证为氧化平衡的潜在替代物。值得注意的是，所有 OBS 都与心血管疾病、慢性肾病、结直肠腺瘤和不同癌症类型（结直肠癌和乳腺癌）以及全因和癌症相关死亡率的风险降低呈不同程度相关。对于其他结果，如前列腺癌，则报告了相互矛盾的结果。总之，OBS 的定义存在很大的异质性。大多数研究都一致支持，通过较低的 OBS 反映的过度 OS 对健康有不良影响。需要统一的标准来定义适当的 OBS，以评估可能导致不良健康结果的饮食和生活方式相关的 OS 方面。
