Department of Social Medicine, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
Department of Stomatology, Public Oral Health and Forensic Dentistry, Division of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil.
Clin Oral Investig. 2019 Dec;23(12):4441-4448. doi: 10.1007/s00784-019-02892-2. Epub 2019 Apr 15.
Oral lichen planus (OLP) and oral lichenoid lesions (OLL) are chronic inflammatory diseases whose symptoms can impair patient's quality of life (QoL). Psychological factors seem to play an important role in these diseases. This study aimed to determine the impact of oral health and anxiety levels on the QoL of patients with OLP and OLL.
This was a cross-sectional study composed of OLP and OLL patients and a control group matched by age and sex with no autoimmune/inflammatory or malignant oral lesions. Anxiety levels and oral health impact on QoL were assessed using the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) and the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14), respectively. The instruments were filled through personal interview before starting the treatment for oral lesions.
A total of 87 patients diagnosed with OLP (n = 45) and OLL (n = 42), and 87 controls were included in the study. Statistical differences were observed for the psychic and somatic anxiety dimensions between severities of diseases. Patients with OLP or OLL had higher scores for the OHIP-14 dimensions physiological discomfort and social limitation compared with controls. In addition, higher scores for physical pain, physical disability, social disability, and handicap were detected among patients with greater severity.
Greater severity of OLP and OLL seems to be associated with increased levels of anxiety, higher scores of oral health impact profile, and decreased QoL.
Patients with severe OLP/OLL may benefit from additional therapeutic treatments, such as psychological and/or psychiatric management, concomitant to treatment specific to oral lesions.
口腔扁平苔藓（OLP）和口腔类天疱疮样病变（OLL）是慢性炎症性疾病，其症状可损害患者的生活质量（QoL）。心理因素似乎在这些疾病中起着重要作用。本研究旨在确定口腔健康和焦虑水平对 OLP 和 OLL 患者 QoL 的影响。
这是一项横断面研究，包括 OLP 和 OLL 患者以及年龄和性别匹配的对照组，无自身免疫/炎症或恶性口腔病变。使用汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAM-A）和口腔健康影响简表-14（OHIP-14）分别评估焦虑水平和口腔健康对 QoL 的影响。在开始治疗口腔病变之前，通过个人访谈填写这些工具。
共纳入 87 例 OLP（n=45）和 OLL（n=42）患者和 87 名对照组。疾病严重程度之间在精神和躯体焦虑维度上存在统计学差异。与对照组相比，OLP 或 OLL 患者的 OHIP-14 维度生理不适和社会限制得分更高。此外，在病情较重的患者中，发现身体疼痛、身体残疾、社会残疾和障碍的评分更高。
OLP 和 OLL 的严重程度似乎与焦虑水平升高、口腔健康影响简表得分升高和 QoL 降低有关。
严重的 OLP/OLL 患者可能受益于额外的治疗，如心理和/或精神病学管理，同时结合针对口腔病变的特定治疗。
