Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Physiological Sciences, Area of Pharmacology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
Clin Oral Investig. 2020 Jan;24(1):157-165. doi: 10.1007/s00784-019-02932-x. Epub 2019 May 8.
To evaluate the systemic and periodontal conditions, as well as the determinants of health in pregnant women with and without obesity/overweight during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy and after delivery.
In the second trimester (T1), 93 pregnant women were divided into two groups with either excessive weight (G1, n = 53) or normal weight (G2, n = 40) and subsequently examined them in the third trimester of pregnancy (T2) and at least 2 months after delivery (T3). The following variables were analyzed: (a) systemic impairments during pregnancy-arterial hypertension (AH) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM); (b) oral hygiene behavior; (c) periodontal conditions; (d) anthropometric data and systemic health condition after pregnancy. The Mann-Whitney test, chi-squared test, ANOVA, and binary logistic regression were adopted (p < 0.05).
G1 showed higher frequency of GDM and AH in T1 and T2, respectively (p = 0.047; p = 0.004). Both groups had worse oral hygiene behaviors after delivery. A higher frequency of periodontitis was found in all periods for G1 (p < 0.05). G2 showed improvement of all periodontal parameters after delivery, whereas G1 showed no difference regarding these parameters between time periods.
Pregnant women with excessive weight presented worse systemic and periodontal conditions during pregnancy and after delivery.
Low socioeconomic level and overweight/obesity were significant predictors of periodontitis during pregnancy and after delivery.
评估肥胖/超重孕妇和正常体重孕妇在妊娠第二和第三孕期以及产后的全身和牙周状况，以及健康决定因素。
在妊娠中期（T1），93 名孕妇分为超重组（G1，n=53）和正常体重组（G2，n=40），随后在妊娠晚期（T2）和产后至少 2 个月（T3）对其进行检查。分析以下变量：（a）妊娠期间的全身损伤-高血压（AH）和妊娠糖尿病（GDM）；（b）口腔卫生行为；（c）牙周状况；（d）产后的人体测量数据和全身健康状况。采用 Mann-Whitney 检验、卡方检验、方差分析和二元逻辑回归（p<0.05）。
G1 在 T1 和 T2 时分别显示出更高的 GDM 和 AH 发生率（p=0.047；p=0.004）。两组产后口腔卫生行为均较差。G1 在所有时期的牙周炎发生率均较高（p<0.05）。G2 在产后所有牙周参数均有所改善，而 G1 则在各时间段之间无差异。
超重孕妇在妊娠期间和产后全身和牙周状况较差。
低社会经济水平和超重/肥胖是妊娠和产后牙周炎的重要预测因素。
