Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Ireland.
School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Ireland.
Gut Microbes. 2020;11(1):1-20. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2019.1613124. Epub 2019 May 22.
The human intestinal commensal microbiota and associated metabolic products have long been regarded as contributors to host health. As the identity and activities of the various members of this community have become clearer, newly identified health-associated bacteria, such as and species, have emerged. Notably, the abundance of many of these bacteria is inversely correlated to several disease states. While technological and regulatory hurdles may limit the use of strains from these taxa as probiotics, it should be possible to utilize prebiotics and other dietary components to selectively enhance their growth . Dietary components of potential relevance include well-established prebiotics, such as galacto-oligosaccharides, fructo-oligosaccharides and inulin, while other putative prebiotics, such as other oligosaccharides, polyphenols, resistant starch, algae and seaweed as well as host gut metabolites such as lactate and acetate, may also be applied with the aim of selectively and/or differentially affecting the beneficial bacterial community within the gastrointestinal environment. The present review provides an overview of the dietary components that could be applied in this manner.
长期以来，人类肠道共生微生物群及其相关代谢产物一直被认为是宿主健康的贡献者。随着该群落中各种成员的身份和活动变得更加清晰，新发现的与健康相关的细菌，如 和 物种已经出现。值得注意的是，这些细菌中的许多细菌的丰度与几种疾病状态呈负相关。虽然技术和监管障碍可能限制了将这些分类群的菌株用作益生菌，但应该可以利用益生元和其他饮食成分来选择性地增强它们的生长。可能具有相关性的饮食成分包括已确立的益生元，如半乳糖寡糖、果寡糖和菊粉，而其他潜在的益生元，如其他寡糖、多酚、抗性淀粉、藻类和海藻以及宿主肠道代谢物，如乳酸和乙酸，也可以应用于有选择性地和/或差异化影响胃肠道环境中有益细菌群落的目的。本综述提供了可以以这种方式应用的饮食成分的概述。
