Raitta C, Seppäläinen A N, Huuskonen M S
Albrecht Von Graefes Arch Klin Exp Ophthalmol. 1978 Dec 15;209(2):99-110. doi: 10.1007/BF00407843.
A neuro-ophthalmologic examination, including fluorescein angiography and colour discrimination tests, was made of 15 workers (age range 30--65 years, mean 45.8 years) exposed to n-hexane (range of exposure 5--21 years) during vegetable oil extracting and adhesive bandage manufacturing. Visual acuity, visual fields, intraocular pressure, and biomicroscopical findings were normal. Ophthalmocopy revealed delicate macular changes in 11 or the 15 subjects. One subject had a history of central serous retinopathy in one eye. The macular changes consisted of an orange-like ophthalmoscopic appearance and a decreased macular lustre. Subtle defects of the pigment layer were present in the fluorescein angiography. Defective colour discrimination was found in 12 of the 15 subjects, one of whom had congenital deuteranopia. Colour defects were of the acquired type, mainly in the blue-yellow spectrum. Damage to the receptor lipids is suggested as the pathomechanism of the maculopathy found in this study.
对15名在植物油提取和胶带制造过程中接触正己烷（接触时间为5至21年）的工人（年龄范围30 - 65岁，平均45.8岁）进行了神经眼科检查，包括荧光素血管造影和色觉测试。视力、视野、眼压和生物显微镜检查结果均正常。眼底检查发现15名受试者中有11名存在细微的黄斑改变。一名受试者有一只眼睛曾患中心性浆液性视网膜病变。黄斑改变包括眼底镜下呈橙色外观以及黄斑光泽减退。荧光素血管造影显示色素层存在细微缺陷。15名受试者中有12名存在色觉缺陷，其中一名患有先天性绿色盲。色觉缺陷为后天获得性类型，主要在蓝黄色光谱范围。本研究中发现的黄斑病变的发病机制提示为受体脂质受损。
