Barth Vanessa, Käsbauer Hannes, Ferrauti Alexander, Kellmann Michael, Pfeiffer Mark, Hecksteden Anne, Meyer Tim
Institute of Sports and Preventive Medicine, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.
German Badminton Association, Olympic Training Center, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Front Physiol. 2019 Jun 26;10:778. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00778. eCollection 2019.
Individualized reference ranges for serum creatine kinase (CK) and urea are a promising tool for the assessment of recovery status in high-level endurance athletes. In this study, we investigated the application of this approach in racket sports, specifically for the monitoring of elite badminton players during the preparation for their world championships. Seventeen elite badminton players were enrolled of which 15 could be included in the final analysis. Repeated measurements of CK and urea at recovered (R) and non-recovered (NR) time points were used for the stepwise individualization of group-based, prior reference ranges as well as for the evaluation of classificatory performance. Specifically, blood samples were collected in the morning following a day off (R) or following four consecutive training days (NR), respectively. Group based reference ranges were derived from the same data. Error rates were compared between the group-based and individualized approaches using the Fisher exact test. Error rates were numerically lower for the individualized as compared to the group-based approach in all cases. Improvements reached statistical significance for urea (test-pass error rate: = 0.007; test-fail error rate: = 0.002) but not for CK ( vs. group-based: test-pass error rate: = 0.275, test-fail error rate: = 0.291). Regardless of the chosen approach, the use of CK was associated with lower error rates as compared to urea. Individualized reference ranges seem to offer diagnostic benefits in the monitoring of muscle recovery in elite badminton. The lack of significant improvements in error rates for CK is likely due to the large difference between R and NR for this parameter with error rates that are already low for the group-based approach.
血清肌酸激酶（CK）和尿素的个体化参考范围是评估高水平耐力运动员恢复状态的一种很有前景的工具。在本研究中，我们调查了这种方法在球拍运动中的应用，特别是在世界锦标赛准备期间对精英羽毛球运动员的监测。招募了17名精英羽毛球运动员，其中15名可纳入最终分析。在恢复（R）和未恢复（NR）时间点重复测量CK和尿素，用于逐步个体化基于组的先前参考范围以及评估分类性能。具体而言，分别在休息日（R）后的早晨或连续四天训练后（NR）采集血样。基于组的参考范围来自相同的数据。使用Fisher精确检验比较基于组和个体化方法之间的错误率。在所有情况下，个体化方法的错误率在数值上均低于基于组的方法。尿素的改善达到统计学意义（通过测试错误率：= 0.007；未通过测试错误率：= 0.002），但CK未达到（与基于组的方法相比：通过测试错误率：= 0.275，未通过测试错误率：= 0.291）。无论选择哪种方法，与尿素相比，使用CK的错误率更低。个体化参考范围似乎在监测精英羽毛球运动员的肌肉恢复方面具有诊断优势。CK错误率缺乏显著改善可能是由于该参数在R和NR之间差异较大，而基于组的方法的错误率已经很低。
