Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain.
Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences and Education; Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Jul 23;16(14):2622. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16142622.
Bullying has been traditionally related to a significant reduction in well-being and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of adolescents. This negative impact on HRQoL seems to be modulated by the developed role in bullying (uninvolved, bully, victim or bully-victim). However, no studies have identified if these negative results are the same when other types of bullying, such as homophobic bullying, are evaluated. The main aim of the present study was to analyze the prevalence of different roles of bullying and homophobic bullying and the relationship between these roles in both types of bullying with HRQoL, depression and anxiety levels in a sample of 1723 Spanish adolescents. Although results exhibited lower prevalence of homophobic bullying roles when compared to traditionally bullying in general, in the case of victims, the prevalence was high in the case of homophobic bullying. When differences between roles in HRQoL, depression and anxiety were evaluated, in both types of bullying, uninvolved adolescents showed the best results and bully-victim adolescents the worst. The obtained results suppose an improvement in the understanding of the negative effects of different types of bullying on HRQoL and mental health in adolescents. Future research could advance in this comprehension, analyzing possible differences with other types of bullying, such as cyberbullying.
欺凌行为传统上与青少年幸福感和健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）的显著降低有关。这种对 HRQoL 的负面影响似乎受到欺凌行为（不参与、欺凌者、受害者或欺凌者-受害者）的影响。然而，尚无研究确定当评估其他类型的欺凌行为（如恐同欺凌）时，这些负面结果是否相同。本研究的主要目的是分析不同欺凌和恐同欺凌角色的流行率，以及在西班牙 1723 名青少年样本中，这两种类型的欺凌行为中这些角色与 HRQoL、抑郁和焦虑水平之间的关系。尽管与传统的一般欺凌行为相比，恐同欺凌行为的角色的流行率较低，但在受害者方面，恐同欺凌行为的流行率较高。当评估 HRQoL、抑郁和焦虑方面的角色差异时，在两种类型的欺凌行为中，不参与的青少年表现出最好的结果，而欺凌者-受害者青少年的结果最差。所获得的结果表明，对不同类型的欺凌行为对青少年 HRQoL 和心理健康的负面影响的理解有所提高。未来的研究可以在这方面取得进展，分析与其他类型的欺凌行为（如网络欺凌）可能存在的差异。
