从流产的牛和山羊胎儿中分离弧菌属物种和其他被忽视的机会性病原体。
Isolation of Arcobacter species and other neglected opportunistic agents from aborted bovine and caprine fetuses.
机构信息
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154, Torino, Italy.
Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy.
出版信息
BMC Vet Res. 2019 Jul 24;15(1):257. doi: 10.1186/s12917-019-2009-3.
BACKGROUND
Infectious abortion in ruminants is a problem in animal husbandry worldwide. It is important to obtain a diagnosis, to make sure that proper control measures can be instituted, but most abortion cases remain without an etiologic diagnosis. This report describes the presence of Arcobacter species and several neglected opportunistic abortifacient agents in ruminant abortion cases showing or not co-infections among at least one of the major recognized protozoal, fungal, bacterial and viral abortifacient agents.
RESULTS
A total of 67 fetuses (55 cattle and 12 goats) and just one placenta (cattle) were considered. Among the most common abortive agents, Neospora caninum (19,4%), followed by Chlamydophila abortus (4,5%), Listeria monocytogenes 1/2a (2,98%), Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus type 1b (2,98%), Bovine herpesvirus 4 (2,98%), and Aspergillus spp. (2,98%) were detected. The isolated neglected opportunistic bacteria include Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter lwoffii, Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Streptococcus uberis, Streptococcus suis, Trueperella pyogenes, Mannheimia haemolytica, Bacillus cereus and Nocardia spp. Other bacterial species, not associated with abortion by literature, but described as causes of diseases occurring sporadically both in humans and animals, were also detected. Three Arcobacter strains, namely two A. skirrowii and one A. cryaerophilus, were isolated from 3 bovine aborted fetuses, and A. butzleri was isolated from the placenta.
CONCLUSIONS
A not negligible isolation of Arcobacter species and other neglected abortifacient agents has to be mentioned, with prevalences that seem to be emerging and replacing or co-placing the major infectious players in bovine and caprine reproductive failure due to abortion disease, even if further studies investigating the aetiological power and transmission routes are needed in order to define the role of these microrganisms in ruminant abortion.
背景
反刍动物的传染性流产是全球畜牧业的一个问题。获得诊断很重要，以确保可以采取适当的控制措施，但大多数流产病例仍然没有病因诊断。本报告描述了弧菌物种和几种被忽视的机会性流产病原体在表现出或不表现出至少一种主要公认的原生动物、真菌、细菌和病毒流产病原体的共感染的反刍动物流产病例中的存在。
结果
共考虑了 67 个胎儿（55 头牛和 12 只山羊）和一个胎盘（牛）。在最常见的流产病原体中，检测到新孢子虫（19.4%），其次是衣原体（4.5%）、李斯特菌 1/2a（2.98%）、牛病毒性腹泻病毒 1b 型（2.98%）、牛疱疹病毒 4 型（2.98%）和曲霉菌属（2.98%）。分离出的被忽视的机会性细菌包括大肠杆菌、阿克曼氏菌、葡萄球菌属、链球菌属、停乳链球菌、猪链球菌、酿脓链球菌、嗜血支原体、蜡样芽孢杆菌和诺卡氏菌属。其他细菌种类，虽然在文献中与流产无关，但被描述为人类和动物中偶发性疾病的原因，也被检测到。从 3 头流产的牛胎儿中分离出 3 株弧菌，即 2 株 A. skirrowii 和 1 株 A. cryaerophilus，从胎盘分离出 A. butzleri。
结论
必须提到弧菌物种和其他被忽视的流产病原体的不可忽视的分离率，其流行率似乎正在出现，并取代或与主要的传染性病原体一起导致牛和山羊因流产疾病而生殖失败，即使需要进一步研究以确定这些微生物在反刍动物流产中的病因作用和传播途径。
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