配方奶制备中的无意误差及其对婴儿体重和肥胖的模拟影响。
Unintentional error in formula preparation and its simulated impact on infant weight and adiposity.
作者信息
Altazan Abby D, Gilmore L Anne, Guo Juen, Rosenberg David M, Toupo Danielle, Gowins Aaron, Burton Jeffrey H, Beyl Robbie A, Chow Carson C, Hall Kevin D, Redman Leanne M
机构信息
Reproductive Endocrinology and Women's Health, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, United States.
出版信息
Pediatr Obes. 2019 Dec;14(12):e12564. doi: 10.1111/ijpo.12564. Epub 2019 Jul 26.
BACKGROUND
Accelerated weight gain in infancy is a public health issue and is likely due to feeding behaviours.
OBJECTIVES
To test the accuracy of individuals to dispense infant formula as compared with recommended serving sizes and to estimate the effect of dispensing inaccuracy on infant growth.
METHODS
Fifty-three adults dispensed infant formula powder for three servings of 2, 4, 6, and 8 fl oz bottles, in random order. The weight of dispensed infant formula powder was compared with the recommended serving size weight on the nutrition label. A novel mathematical model was used to estimate the impact of formula dispensing on infant weight and adiposity.
RESULTS
Nineteen percent of bottles (20 of 636) prepared contained the recommended amount of infant formula powder. Three percent were underdispensed, and 78% of bottles were overdispensed, resulting in 11% additional infant formula powder. Mathematical modelling feeding 11% above energy requirements exclusively for 6 months for male and female infants suggested infants at the 50th percentile for weight at birth would reach the 75th percentile with increased adiposity by 6 months.
CONCLUSIONS
Inaccurate measurement of infant formula powder and overdispensing, which is highly prevalent, specifically, may contribute to rapid weight gain and increased adiposity in formula-fed infants.
背景
婴儿期体重加速增加是一个公共卫生问题，很可能与喂养行为有关。
目的
测试个体调配婴儿配方奶粉的量与推荐食用量相比的准确性，并估计调配不准确对婴儿生长的影响。
方法
53名成年人随机依次为2、4、6和8液量盎司奶瓶调配三份婴儿配方奶粉粉。将调配的婴儿配方奶粉粉的重量与营养标签上的推荐食用量重量进行比较。使用一种新的数学模型来估计配方奶粉调配对婴儿体重和肥胖的影响。
结果
所调配的636瓶奶粉中，19%（120瓶）含有推荐量的婴儿配方奶粉粉。3%的奶粉调配量不足，78%的奶瓶调配量过多，导致婴儿配方奶粉粉额外增加了11%。对出生体重处于第50百分位的男婴和女婴仅6个月完全按照高于能量需求11%的量喂养的数学模型分析表明，到6个月时，这些婴儿的体重将达到第75百分位，肥胖程度增加。
结论
婴儿配方奶粉粉测量不准确以及普遍存在的调配量过多，可能会导致配方奶喂养婴儿体重快速增加和肥胖程度上升。
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