Arbabzadeh Maryam, Sioshansi Ramteen, Johnson Jeremiah X, Keoleian Gregory A
Center for Sustainable Systems, School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, USA.
Department of Integrated Systems Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210, OH, USA.
Nat Commun. 2019 Jul 30;10(1):3413. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-11161-5.
Deep decarbonization of electricity production is a societal challenge that can be achieved with high penetrations of variable renewable energy. We investigate the potential of energy storage technologies to reduce renewable curtailment and CO emissions in California and Texas under varying emissions taxes. We show that without energy storage, adding 60 GW of renewables to California achieves 72% CO reductions (relative to a zero-renewables case) with close to one third of renewables being curtailed. Some energy storage technologies, on the other hand, allow 90% CO reductions from the same renewable penetrations with as little as 9% renewable curtailment. In Texas, the same renewable-deployment level leads to 54% emissions reductions with close to 3% renewable curtailment. Energy storage can allow 57% emissions reductions with as little as 0.3% renewable curtailment. We also find that generator flexibility can reduce curtailment and the amount of energy storage that is needed for renewable integration.
电力生产的深度脱碳是一项社会挑战，通过高比例可变可再生能源的接入能够实现这一目标。我们研究了储能技术在不同排放税情况下减少加利福尼亚州和得克萨斯州可再生能源弃电及二氧化碳排放的潜力。我们发现，在没有储能的情况下，加利福尼亚州增加60吉瓦的可再生能源可实现72%的二氧化碳减排（相对于零可再生能源的情况），但近三分之一的可再生能源会被弃用。另一方面，一些储能技术在相同的可再生能源渗透率下可实现90%的二氧化碳减排，可再生能源弃用率低至9%。在得克萨斯州，相同的可再生能源部署水平可实现54%的排放减少，可再生能源弃用率接近3%。储能可实现57%的排放减少，可再生能源弃用率低至0.3%。我们还发现，发电机的灵活性可以减少弃电以及可再生能源整合所需的储能容量。
