College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
Nicholas school of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27705, USA.
Nat Commun. 2019 Jul 30;10(1):3405. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-11453-w.
Rural residential energy consumption in China is experiencing a rapid transition towards clean energy, nevertheless, solid fuel combustion remains an important emission source. Here we quantitatively evaluate the contribution of rural residential emissions to PM (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm) and the impacts on health and climate. The clean energy transitions result in remarkable reductions in the contributions to ambient PM, avoiding 130,000 (90,000-160,000) premature deaths associated with PM exposure. The climate forcing associated with this sector declines from 0.057 ± 0.016 W/m in 1992 to 0.031 ± 0.008 W/m in 2012. Despite this, the large remaining quantities of solid fuels still contributed 14 ± 10 μg/m to population-weighted PM in 2012, which comprises 21 ± 14% of the overall population-weighted PM from all sources. Rural residential emissions affect not only rural but urban air quality, and the impacts are highly seasonal and location dependent.
中国农村居民能源消费正朝着清洁能源快速转型，但固体燃料燃烧仍然是一个重要的排放源。在这里，我们定量评估了农村居民排放对 PM（空气动力学直径小于 2.5μm 的颗粒物）的贡献及其对健康和气候的影响。清洁能源转型使得农村居民排放对环境 PM 的贡献显著降低，避免了 13 万人（9 万至 16 万人）因 PM 暴露而导致的过早死亡。该部门与气候相关的强迫减少从 1992 年的 0.057 ± 0.016 W/m 下降到 2012 年的 0.031 ± 0.008 W/m。尽管如此，大量剩余的固体燃料仍导致 2012 年人群加权 PM 增加了 14 ± 10μg/m，占所有来源人群加权 PM 的 21 ± 14%。农村居民排放不仅影响农村，也影响城市的空气质量，其影响具有很强的季节性和位置依赖性。
