Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. 2019 Jul 31;29:e40. doi: 10.1017/S2045796019000325.
Despite recent worldwide migratory movements, there are only a few studies available that report robust epidemiological data on the mental health in recent refugee populations. In the present study, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and somatisation were assessed using an epidemiological approach in refugees who have recently arrived in Germany from different countries.
The study was conducted in a reception facility for asylum-seekers in Leipzig, Germany. A total of 1316 adult individuals arrived at the facility during the survey period (May 2017-June 2018), 569 of whom took part in the study (N = 67 pilot study and N = 502 study sample; response rate 43.2%). The questionnaire (11 different languages) included sociodemographic and flight-related questions as well as standardised instruments for assessing PTSD (PCL-5), depression (PHQ-9) and somatisation (SSS-8). Unweighted and weighted prevalence rates of PTSD, depression and somatisation were presented stratified by sex and age groups.
According to established cut-off scores, 49.7% of the respondents screened positive for at least one of the mental disorders investigated, with 31% suffering from somatisation, 21.7% from depression and 34.9% from PTSD; prevalence rates of major depression, other depressive syndromes and PTSD were calculated according to the DSM-5, which indicated rates of 10.3, 17.6 and 28.2%, respectively.
The findings underline the dramatic mental health burden present among refugees and provide important information for health care planning. They also provide important information for health care systems and political authorities in receiving countries and strongly indicate the necessity of establishing early psychosocial support for refugees suffering from psychological distress.
尽管最近全球范围内出现了移民潮，但只有少数研究报告了有关最近难民群体心理健康的可靠流行病学数据。在本研究中，我们采用流行病学方法评估了最近从不同国家抵达德国的难民中的创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）、抑郁和躯体化症状。
该研究在德国莱比锡的一个寻求庇护者接待设施中进行。在调查期间（2017 年 5 月至 2018 年 6 月），共有 1316 名成年人抵达该设施，其中 569 人参加了研究（N=67 项试点研究和 N=502 项研究样本；应答率 43.2%）。问卷（11 种不同语言）包括社会人口学和飞行相关问题以及用于评估 PTSD（PCL-5）、抑郁（PHQ-9）和躯体化（SSS-8）的标准化工具。按性别和年龄组分层呈现未加权和加权的 PTSD、抑郁和躯体化症状的患病率。
根据既定的截断分数，有 49.7%的受访者至少有一种所调查的精神障碍呈阳性，其中 31%存在躯体化症状，21.7%存在抑郁，34.9%存在 PTSD；根据 DSM-5 计算出重度抑郁症、其他抑郁综合征和 PTSD 的患病率，分别为 10.3%、17.6%和 28.2%。
这些发现强调了难民中存在的巨大心理健康负担，并为医疗保健规划提供了重要信息。它们还为接收国的医疗保健系统和政治当局提供了重要信息，并强烈表明有必要为遭受心理困扰的难民建立早期的心理社会支持。
