Center for Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, Prague 6, 166 28, Czech Republic.
Chem Soc Rev. 2019 Oct 7;48(19):4966-4978. doi: 10.1039/c9cs00090a. Epub 2019 Aug 1.
The recent advances in the micro/nanomotor field have shown great progress in the propulsion of such devices by fuel-free mechanisms. Light, as an abundant and natural source, has been demonstrated to be a promising external field to wirelessly induce the motion of these tiny micro/nanomachines, without the need of any toxic fuel or complex system set-up. This tutorial review covers the most representative examples of light-driven micro/nanomotors developed so far, which self-propelled exclusively under fuel-free conditions. Their different swimming behaviors triggered by light stimuli, divided into four main categories (schooling, phototaxis, gravitaxis and directional motion), are discussed along with their similarities with the motion modes of microorganisms. Moreover, the main parameters that influence the motion of light-driven photocatalytic-based micro/nanomotors as well as alternative strategies to develop more efficient systems are also discussed.
近年来，微/纳米马达领域的最新进展表明，通过无燃料机制推进这些设备取得了巨大进展。光作为一种丰富且自然的能源，已被证明是一种有前途的外部场，可无线诱导这些微小的微/纳米机器的运动，而无需任何有毒燃料或复杂的系统设置。本教程综述涵盖了迄今为止开发的最具代表性的光驱动微/纳米马达实例，它们仅在无燃料条件下自行推进。根据光刺激引发的不同游动行为，将它们分为四大类（群体游动、趋光性、趋地性和定向运动）进行讨论，并与微生物的运动模式进行了比较。此外，还讨论了影响基于光催化的光驱动微/纳米马达运动的主要参数，以及开发更高效系统的替代策略。
