van Rensburg Jenny Janse, Mudzi Witness, Ntsiea Veronica
Department of Physiotherapy, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Turk J Phys Med Rehabil. 2018 Nov 3;64(4):314-321. doi: 10.5606/tftrd.2018.1708. eCollection 2018 Dec.
This study aims to identify the differences in functional abilities between stroke survivors who are human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive and HIV-negative.
This was a retrospective, longitudinal record review of stroke survivors' files between April 2005 and December 2010. Of a total of 173 stroke survivors who were admitted to the rehabilitation unit, 141 (75 males, 66 females; mean age 52.7±14.3 years; range, 19 to 86 years) met the inclusion criteria. The patients were divided into two groups as HIV-positive (n=21) and HIV-negative (n=120). Functional ability was recorded using the admission and discharge BETA® scores.
Ischemic strokes were more prevalent than hemorrhagic strokes (74.5% vs. 25.5%, respectively) with hypertension as the most common (31.9%) stroke risk factor. The mean age of stroke onset for HIV-positive patients and HIV-negative patients was 39.6 years and 54.9 years, respectively. In HIV-positive patients, the mean duration of rehabilitation was 7.5-day shorter than HIV-negative patients. After receiving rehabilitation from a multidisciplinary team, the HIV-positive group improved with a mean of 40 points and the HIV-negative group improved with a mean of 38 points. The similarities in functional outcome between the HIV-positive and HIV-negative group were related to the fact that HIV-positive stroke survivors were relatively younger than the HIV-negative group.
Our study results show that patients who sustain a stroke, are HIV-positive, are receiving antiretroviral therapy and rehabilita- tion may recover similar to those who are HIV-negative, spending a similar length of stay in a rehabilitation clinic. Therefore, stroke survivors who are HIV-positive should receive full rehabilitation similar to any other stroke survivors.
本研究旨在确定人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）阳性和HIV阴性的中风幸存者在功能能力上的差异。
这是一项对2005年4月至2010年12月期间中风幸存者档案的回顾性纵向记录研究。在总共173名入住康复科的中风幸存者中，141名（75名男性，66名女性；平均年龄52.7±14.3岁；年龄范围19至86岁）符合纳入标准。患者被分为HIV阳性组（n = 21）和HIV阴性组（n = 120）。使用入院和出院时的BETA®评分记录功能能力。
缺血性中风比出血性中风更常见（分别为74.5%和25.5%），高血压是最常见的（31.9%）中风危险因素。HIV阳性患者和HIV阴性患者中风发作的平均年龄分别为39.6岁和54.9岁。在HIV阳性患者中，康复的平均时长比HIV阴性患者短7.5天。在接受多学科团队的康复治疗后，HIV阳性组平均提高了40分，HIV阴性组平均提高了38分。HIV阳性组和HIV阴性组在功能结局上的相似性与HIV阳性中风幸存者比HIV阴性组相对更年轻这一事实有关。
我们的研究结果表明，中风、HIV阳性、正在接受抗逆转录病毒治疗和康复的患者可能与HIV阴性患者恢复情况相似，在康复诊所的住院时间也相似。因此，HIV阳性的中风幸存者应接受与其他中风幸存者相同的全面康复治疗。
