He Yufan, Carass Aaron, Liu Yihao, Jedynak Bruno M, Solomon Sharon D, Saidha Shiv, Calabresi Peter A, Prince Jerry L
Deptartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
Department of Computer Science, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
Biomed Opt Express. 2019 Sep 12;10(10):5042-5058. doi: 10.1364/BOE.10.005042. eCollection 2019 Oct 1.
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive imaging modality that can be used to obtain depth images of the retina. Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have thinning retinal nerve fiber and ganglion cell layers, and approximately 5% of MS patients will develop microcystic macular edema (MME) within the retina. Segmentation of both the retinal layers and MME can provide important information to help monitor MS progression. Graph-based segmentation with machine learning preprocessing is the leading method for retinal layer segmentation, providing accurate surface delineations with the correct topological ordering. However, graph methods are time-consuming and they do not optimally incorporate joint MME segmentation. This paper presents a deep network that extracts continuous, smooth, and topology-guaranteed surfaces and MMEs. The network learns shape priors automatically during training rather than being hard-coded as in graph methods. In this new approach, retinal surfaces and MMEs are segmented together with two cascaded deep networks in a single feed forward propagation. The proposed framework obtains retinal surfaces (separating the layers) with sub-pixel surface accuracy comparable to the best existing graph methods and MMEs with better accuracy than the state-of-the-art method. The full segmentation operation takes only ten seconds for a 3D volume.
光学相干断层扫描(OCT)是一种非侵入性成像方式,可用于获取视网膜的深度图像。多发性硬化症(MS)患者的视网膜神经纤维层和神经节细胞层会变薄,约5%的MS患者视网膜内会出现微囊性黄斑水肿(MME)。视网膜层和MME的分割可为监测MS进展提供重要信息。基于机器学习预处理的基于图的分割是视网膜层分割的主要方法,能提供具有正确拓扑顺序的精确表面轮廓。然而,基于图的方法耗时且未最优地纳入联合MME分割。本文提出一种深度网络,可提取连续、平滑且拓扑有保证的表面和MME。该网络在训练过程中自动学习形状先验,而非像基于图的方法那样进行硬编码。在这种新方法中,视网膜表面和MME通过两个级联深度网络在单次前馈传播中一起分割。所提出的框架以与现有最佳基于图的方法相当的亚像素表面精度获取视网膜表面(分隔各层),并以比现有最先进方法更高的精度获取MME。对于一个3D体积,完整的分割操作仅需10秒。