Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2019 Aug;148:290-307. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.10.006. Epub 2019 Nov 7.
In recent years, regenerative medicine is gaining momentum and is giving hopes for restoring function of diseased, damaged, and aged tissues and organs and nanotechnology is serving as a catalyst. In the ophthalmology field, various types of allogenic and autologous stem cells have been investigated to treat some ocular diseases due to age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, retinitis pigmentosa, diabetic retinopathy, and corneal and lens traumas. Nanomaterials have been utilized directly as nanoscaffolds for these stem cells to promote their adhesion, proliferation and differentiation or indirectly as vectors for various genes, tissue growth factors, cytokines and immunosuppressants to facilitate cell reprogramming or ocular tissue regeneration. In this review, we reviewed various nanomaterials used for retina, cornea, and lens regenerations, and discussed the current status and future perspectives of nanotechnology in tracking cells in the eye and personalized regenerative ophthalmology. The purpose of this review is to provide comprehensive and timely insights on the emerging field of nanotechnology for ocular tissue engineering and regeneration.
近年来，再生医学正在兴起，为恢复患病、受损和衰老组织和器官的功能带来了希望，而纳米技术则起到了催化剂的作用。在眼科领域，由于年龄相关性黄斑变性、青光眼、视网膜色素变性、糖尿病性视网膜病变以及角膜和晶状体创伤等原因，已经研究了各种同种异体和自体干细胞来治疗一些眼部疾病。纳米材料被直接用作这些干细胞的纳米支架，以促进它们的黏附、增殖和分化，或者间接地用作各种基因、组织生长因子、细胞因子和免疫抑制剂的载体，以促进细胞重编程或眼部组织再生。在这篇综述中，我们回顾了用于视网膜、角膜和晶状体再生的各种纳米材料，并讨论了纳米技术在眼部细胞追踪和个性化再生眼科方面的现状和未来前景。本文综述的目的是提供有关眼组织工程和再生这一新兴纳米技术领域的全面和及时的见解。
