Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China.
Adv Mater. 2020 May;32(18):e1904106. doi: 10.1002/adma.201904106. Epub 2019 Dec 3.
Bacterial infection is one of the top ten leading causes of death globally and the worst killer in low-income countries. The overuse of antibiotics leads to ever-increasing antibiotic resistance, posing a severe threat to human health. Recent advances in nanotechnology provide new opportunities to address the challenges in bacterial infection by killing germs without using antibiotics. Antibiotic-free antibacterial strategies enabled by advanced nanomaterials are presented. Nanomaterials are classified on the basis of their mode of action: nanomaterials with intrinsic or light-mediated bactericidal properties and others that serve as vehicles for the delivery of natural antibacterial compounds. Specific attention is given to antibacterial mechanisms and the structure-performance relationship. Practical antibacterial applications employing these antibiotic-free strategies are also introduced. Current challenges in this field and future perspectives are presented to stimulate new technologies and their translation to fight against bacterial infection.
细菌感染是全球十大主要死因之一，也是低收入国家最致命的疾病。抗生素的过度使用导致抗生素耐药性不断增加，严重威胁人类健康。纳米技术的最新进展为解决细菌感染问题提供了新的机会，即在不使用抗生素的情况下杀死细菌。本文提出了利用先进纳米材料实现无抗生素抗菌的策略。根据作用方式对纳米材料进行分类：具有固有或光介导杀菌特性的纳米材料，以及用作天然抗菌化合物递送载体的纳米材料。特别关注了抗菌机制和结构-性能关系。还介绍了这些无抗生素策略的实际抗菌应用。提出了该领域当前的挑战和未来展望，以激发新技术的发展并将其转化为对抗细菌感染的手段。
