Deegan Kathleen Ramos, Fonseca Maisa Santos, Oliveira Diogo Coelho Pádua, Santos Laerte Marlon, Fernandez Clara Couto, Hanna Samira Abdallah, Machado Bruna Aparecida Souza, Umsza-Guez Marcelo Andrés, Meyer Roberto, Portela Ricardo Wagner
Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Front Vet Sci. 2019 Dec 13;6:460. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00460. eCollection 2019.
Clinical mycoses treatment is associated with issues such as negative side effects, high cost, prolonged treatment, and resistant strain selection. is the most frequently isolated yeast in cases of canine otitis and dermatitis. The number of fungal strains exhibiting primary resistance to several drugs is increasing. Propolis has a diverse chemical composition and well-known therapeutic properties against mycoses. An alternative method for producing propolis extracts using supercritical fluid has higher selectivity, yielding extracts with fewer pollutant residues. This study therefore aimed to evaluate the susceptibility profile of clinical isolates to precharacterized supercritical and ethanolic extracts. Three types of Brazilian propolis extracts (green, red, and brown) and commercial allopathic antifungals were used in this investigation. We used the microdilution broth technique to evaluate the susceptibility profile of the yeasts. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the brown propolis ethanolic extract was ≥16 μg/mL for all isolates. The MICs of fluconazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole, and amphotericin B ranged from 8 to >64 μg/mL, 0.032-4 μg/mL, 0.0313-16 μg/mL, and 1-2 μg/mL, respectively. The MICs of ethanolic red propolis extracts were lower than those of supercritical red propolis extracts. However, the green propolis ethanolic extract had more pronounced fungicidal activity. Isolates with lower susceptibility to commercial fungicides were inhibited by red and green propolis extracts. These results indicate that propolis can potentially be used in experiments as a promising therapeutic agent against infections.
临床真菌病治疗存在诸多问题，如副作用大、成本高、治疗时间长以及耐药菌株的产生。在犬类中耳炎和皮炎病例中，是最常分离出的酵母。对多种药物表现出原发性耐药的真菌菌株数量正在增加。蜂胶具有多种化学成分以及众所周知的抗真菌治疗特性。一种使用超临界流体生产蜂胶提取物的替代方法具有更高的选择性，能产生污染物残留更少的提取物。因此，本研究旨在评估临床分离株对预先表征的超临界提取物和乙醇提取物的药敏谱。本研究使用了三种巴西蜂胶提取物（绿色、红色和棕色）以及商业对抗疗法抗真菌药物。我们采用微量稀释肉汤技术来评估酵母的药敏谱。对于所有分离株，棕色蜂胶乙醇提取物的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）≥16μg/mL。氟康唑、酮康唑、伊曲康唑和两性霉素B的MIC分别为8至>64μg/mL、0.032 - 4μg/mL、0.0313 - 16μg/mL和1 - 2μg/mL。乙醇红色蜂胶提取物的MIC低于超临界红色蜂胶提取物。然而，绿色蜂胶乙醇提取物具有更显著的杀真菌活性。对商业杀菌剂敏感性较低的分离株受到红色和绿色蜂胶提取物的抑制。这些结果表明，蜂胶有可能在实验中用作对抗感染的有前景的治疗剂。
