Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
Battelle, Columbus, OH, USA.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2020 Mar;137:111125. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111125. Epub 2020 Jan 10.
Botanical dietary supplements (BDS) are used around the world for many purported therapeutic properties. The selection of an authentic product and it's phytochemical characterization is critical to generate robust safety data. Because botanicals are complex mixtures with variable quality, identification of a representative product for testing has been challenging. Echinacea is used for its purported immune stimulant properties and was listed as the 2nd top-selling BDS in 2018. However, there are limited safety data for Echinacea. Hence, the National Toxicology Program (NTP) has selected Echinacea for safety testing using rodent models. Here, we describe selection and comprehensive characterization of an Echinacea purpurea root extract to be used in the NTP testing program. Using non-targeted chemical analyses combined with chemometric analysis, a potential unfinished product (i.e., an extract that serves as source material for finished products) of Echinacea purpurea was selected. The product was then authenticated using chemical and DNA techniques and characterized, including the phytochemical composition. Among numerous constituents identified, caftaric acid, chicoric acid, chlorogenic acid and dodeca-2(E),4(E),8(Z),10(E/Z)-tetraenoic acid isobutylamide made up a small fraction of the extract. Based on these analyses, an approach is proposed for test article selection for Echinacea research which can be adapted to other botanicals.
植物性膳食补充剂（BDS）在全球范围内被用于许多据称的治疗特性。选择真实的产品及其植物化学特征对于生成强大的安全数据至关重要。由于植物是具有可变质量的复杂混合物，因此确定用于测试的代表性产品具有挑战性。紫锥菊因其据称的免疫刺激特性而被使用，并在 2018 年被列为第二大畅销 BDS。然而，紫锥菊的安全性数据有限。因此，国家毒理学计划（NTP）已选择使用啮齿动物模型对紫锥菊进行安全性测试。在这里，我们描述了紫锥菊根提取物的选择和综合特征，以用于 NTP 测试计划。使用非靶向化学分析结合化学计量学分析，选择了一种潜在的未完成产品（即作为成品原料的提取物）。然后使用化学和 DNA 技术对产品进行鉴定和表征，包括植物化学成分。在鉴定的众多成分中，咖啡酸、菊苣酸、绿原酸和十二烷-2（E），4（E），8（Z），10（E / Z）-四烯酸异丁酰胺构成了提取物的一小部分。基于这些分析，提出了一种用于紫锥菊研究的测试品选择方法，该方法可以适应其他植物。
