Popp Johanna, Carl Johannes, Grüne Eva, Semrau Jana, Gelius Peter, Pfeifer Klaus
Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Gebbertstraße 123b, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
Health Promot Int. 2020 Dec 1;35(6):1577-1589. doi: 10.1093/heapro/daaa014.
Apprentices in many sectors are exposed to increased health risks and show low levels of physical activity (PA). Environmental and policy approaches seem to be promising tools for PA promotion as they can positively influence the context in which PA occurs. This article reports results from a German research project (2015-2018) that developed and implemented measures for PA promotion in the field of vocational education (VE). A participatory approach-cooperative planning (COP)-involving researchers as well as stakeholders from policy and practice was used in two VE settings-nursing care and automotive mechatronics. We assessed the extent to which new capacities for PA promotion were created by conducting semi-structured interviews with stakeholders from both sectors (n = 12) and one group interview with nursing students (n = 4). Transcripts were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Findings show that new capacities were created mainly in the form of resources and opportunities and that several measures for PA promotion (e.g. a regular lesson on the issue of PA and health and a tutoring system) were successfully integrated into VE routines. However, establishing new organizational goals and obligations appeared to be challenging. Moreover, the article presents influencing factors, such as the participation of the main actors that strongly supported the process of capacity building within their organization. We conclude that COP seems promising in creating new capacities for PA promotion in the field of VE, and therefore has the potential to promote a physically active lifestyle among apprentices.
许多行业的学徒面临更高的健康风险，且身体活动水平较低。环境和政策方法似乎是促进身体活动的有效工具，因为它们可以对身体活动发生的环境产生积极影响。本文报告了一项德国研究项目（2015 - 2018年）的结果，该项目在职业教育领域制定并实施了促进身体活动的措施。在护理和汽车机电一体化这两个职业教育环境中，采用了一种参与式方法——合作规划（COP），涉及研究人员以及政策和实践领域的利益相关者。我们通过对两个行业的利益相关者（n = 12）进行半结构化访谈以及对护理专业学生（n = 4）进行一次小组访谈，评估了促进身体活动的新能力的形成程度。使用定性内容分析法对访谈记录进行了分析。研究结果表明，新能力主要以资源和机会的形式形成，并且一些促进身体活动的措施（例如关于身体活动与健康问题的定期课程和辅导系统）已成功融入职业教育常规。然而，确立新的组织目标和义务似乎具有挑战性。此外，本文还介绍了一些影响因素，例如主要行为者的参与有力地支持了其组织内的能力建设过程。我们得出结论，合作规划在为职业教育领域促进身体活动创造新能力方面似乎很有前景，因此有潜力在学徒中推广积极的生活方式。
