单语和双语患者中轻度认知障碍向阿尔茨海默病的转化
Conversion of Mild Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer Disease in Monolingual and Bilingual Patients.
作者信息
Berkes Matthias, Bialystok Ellen, Craik Fergus I M, Troyer Angela, Freedman Morris
机构信息
Department of Psychology, York University.
Rotman Research Institute at Baycrest.
出版信息
Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2020 Jul-Sep;34(3):225-230. doi: 10.1097/WAD.0000000000000373.
PURPOSE
Conversion rates from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer disease (AD) were examined considering bilingualism as a measure of cognitive reserve.
METHODS
Older adult bilingual (n=75) and monolingual (n=83) patients attending a memory clinic who were diagnosed with MCI were evaluated for conversion to AD. Age of MCI and AD diagnoses and time to convert were recorded and compared across language groups.
PATIENTS
Patients were consecutive patients diagnosed with MCI at a hospital memory clinic.
RESULTS
Bilingual patients were diagnosed with MCI at a later age than monolingual patients (77.8 and 75.5 y, respectively), a difference that was significant in some analyses. However, bilingual patients converted faster from MCI to AD than monolingual patients (1.8 and 2.8 y, respectively) resulting in no language group difference in age of AD diagnosis. This relationship held after accounting for education, cognitive level, immigration status, and sex.
DISCUSSION
The findings suggest that greater cognitive reserve as measured by language status leads to faster conversion between MCI and AD, all else being equal.
目的
将双语能力作为认知储备的一项指标，研究轻度认知障碍（MCI）向阿尔茨海默病（AD）的转化率。
方法
对一家记忆诊所中被诊断为MCI的老年双语患者（n = 75）和单语患者（n = 83）进行评估，以确定其是否会转化为AD。记录MCI和AD诊断的年龄以及转化所需时间，并在不同语言组之间进行比较。
患者
患者为在医院记忆诊所连续确诊为MCI的患者。
结果
双语患者被诊断为MCI的年龄比单语患者晚（分别为77.8岁和75.5岁），在某些分析中，这种差异具有统计学意义。然而，双语患者从MCI转化为AD的速度比单语患者快（分别为1.8年和2.8年），导致AD诊断年龄在语言组之间没有差异。在考虑了教育程度、认知水平、移民身份和性别后，这种关系依然成立。
讨论
研究结果表明，在其他条件相同的情况下，以语言状况衡量的更大认知储备会导致MCI和AD之间更快的转化。
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