Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH, USA.
University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
Investig Clin Urol. 2020 Feb;61(Suppl 1):S43-S50. doi: 10.4111/icu.2020.61.S1.S43. Epub 2019 Sep 24.
The human gastrointestinal microbiome contains commensal bacteria and other microbiota that have been gaining increasing attention in the context of cancer development and response to treatment. Microbiota play a role in the maintenance of host barrier surfaces that contribute to both local inflammation and other systemic metabolic functions. In the context of prostate cancer, the gastrointestinal microbiome may play a role through metabolism of estrogen, an increase of which has been linked to the induction of prostatic neoplasia. Specific microbiota such as , , , , , and have been associated with differing risks of prostate cancer development or extensiveness of prostate cancer disease. In this Review, we discuss gastrointestinal microbiota's effects on prostate cancer development, the ability of the microbiome to regulate chemotherapy for prostate cancer treatment, and the importance of using Next Generation Sequencing to further discern the microbiome's systemic influence on prostate cancer.
人类胃肠道微生物组包含共生细菌和其他微生物群，这些微生物群在癌症的发生和对治疗的反应中越来越受到关注。微生物群在维持宿主屏障表面方面发挥作用，这些表面有助于局部炎症和其他全身代谢功能。在前列腺癌的背景下，胃肠道微生物组可能通过代谢雌激素发挥作用，雌激素的增加与前列腺肿瘤的诱导有关。特定的微生物群，如 、 、 、 、 和 ，与前列腺癌发展的不同风险或前列腺癌疾病的广泛程度有关。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了胃肠道微生物群对前列腺癌发展的影响、微生物群调节前列腺癌治疗化疗的能力，以及使用下一代测序进一步辨别微生物群对前列腺癌的系统影响的重要性。
