Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China.
Viruses. 2020 Feb 25;12(3):252. doi: 10.3390/v12030252.
Rhabdoviruses are a large and ecologically diverse family of negative-sense RNA viruses (: ). These viruses are capable of infecting an unexpectedly wide variety of plants, vertebrates, and invertebrates distributed over all human-inhabited continents. However, only a few rhabdoviruses are known to infect humans: a ledantevirus (Le Dantec virus), several lyssaviruses (in particular, rabies virus), and several vesiculoviruses (e.g., Chandipura virus, vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus). Recently, several novel rhabdoviruses have been discovered in the blood of both healthy and severely ill individuals living in Central and Western Africa. These viruses-Bas-Congo virus, Ekpoma virus 1, and Ekpoma virus 2-are members of the little-understood rhabdoviral genus . Other than the basic genomic architecture, tibroviruses bear little resemblance to well-studied rhabdoviruses such as rabies virus and vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus. These three human tibroviruses are quite divergent from each other, and each of them clusters closely with tibroviruses currently known only from biting midges or healthy cattle. Seroprevalence studies suggest that human tibrovirus infections may be common but are almost entirely unrecognized. The pathogenic potential of this diverse group of viruses remains unknown. Although certain tibroviruses may be benign and well-adapted to humans, others could be newly emerging and produce serious disease. Here, we review the current knowledge of tibroviruses and argue that assessing their impact on human health should be an urgent priority.
水疱病毒是一大类具有生态多样性的负义 RNA 病毒（:）。这些病毒能够感染分布在所有人类居住大陆上的各种意想不到的植物、脊椎动物和无脊椎动物。然而，只有少数几种水疱病毒已知会感染人类：一种 ledantevirus（Le Dantec 病毒）、几种 lyssaviruses（特别是狂犬病病毒）和几种 vesiculoviruses（例如 Chandipura 病毒、印第安纳水疱性口炎病毒）。最近，在中非和西非居住的健康和重病个体的血液中发现了几种新型水疱病毒。这些病毒——Bas-Congo 病毒、Ekpoma 病毒 1 和 Ekpoma 病毒 2——是尚未充分了解的水疱病毒属的成员（）。除了基本的基因组结构外，tibroviruses 与研究充分的水疱病毒（如狂犬病病毒和印第安纳水疱性口炎病毒）几乎没有相似之处。这三种人类 tibroviruses 彼此之间差异很大，并且每种病毒都与目前仅从吸血蠓或健康牛中分离到的 tibroviruses 密切聚类。血清流行率研究表明，人类 tibrovirus 感染可能很常见，但几乎完全未被识别。这组多样化病毒的致病潜力尚不清楚。虽然某些 tibroviruses 可能是良性的并且很好地适应人类，但其他可能是新出现的并产生严重疾病。在这里，我们回顾了 tibroviruses 的现有知识，并认为评估它们对人类健康的影响应该是当务之急。
