Baldin Alexey V, Savvateeva Lyudmila V, Bazhin Alexandr V, Zamyatnin Andrey A
Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany.
Cancers (Basel). 2020 Mar 5;12(3):590. doi: 10.3390/cancers12030590.
Dendritic cells (DCs) have shown great potential as a component or target in the landscape of cancer immunotherapy. Different in vivo and ex vivo strategies of DC vaccine generation with different outcomes have been proposed. Numerous clinical trials have demonstrated their efficacy and safety in cancer patients. However, there is no consensus regarding which DC-based vaccine generation method is preferable. A problem of result comparison between trials in which different DC-loading or -targeting approaches have been applied remains. The employment of different DC generation and maturation methods, antigens and administration routes from trial to trial also limits the objective comparison of DC vaccines. In the present review, we discuss different methods of DC vaccine generation. We conclude that standardized trial designs, treatment settings and outcome assessment criteria will help to determine which DC vaccine generation approach should be applied in certain cancer cases. This will result in a reduction in alternatives in the selection of preferable DC-based vaccine tactics in patient. Moreover, it has become clear that the application of a DC vaccine alone is not sufficient and combination immunotherapy with recent advances, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, should be employed to achieve a better clinical response and outcome.
树突状细胞（DC）在癌症免疫治疗领域作为一种组成部分或靶点已展现出巨大潜力。人们提出了不同的体内和体外生成DC疫苗的策略，其结果各异。众多临床试验已证明它们在癌症患者中的有效性和安全性。然而，对于哪种基于DC的疫苗生成方法更优尚无共识。在应用了不同DC负载或靶向方法的试验之间，结果比较存在问题。每次试验中使用不同的DC生成和成熟方法、抗原及给药途径，也限制了DC疫苗的客观比较。在本综述中，我们讨论了DC疫苗生成的不同方法。我们得出结论，标准化的试验设计、治疗设置和结果评估标准将有助于确定在某些癌症病例中应采用哪种DC疫苗生成方法。这将减少患者在选择更优的基于DC的疫苗策略时的备选方案。此外，已明确仅应用DC疫苗是不够的，应采用与免疫检查点抑制剂等最新进展相结合的联合免疫疗法，以实现更好的临床反应和结果。
