Xu Xin-Heng, Lv Peng-Fei, Wang Tong-Xin, Wang Bao-Xuan, Shi Yan, Wang Bi-Xue, Meng Zheng-Rou, Chen Qing-Xi, Zhuang Jiang-Xing, Wang Yule-Yue
Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems School of Life Science Xiamen University Xiamen China.
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research Institute of Neuroscience School of Medicine Xiamen University Xiamen China.
Food Sci Nutr. 2020 Feb 13;8(3):1522-1533. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.1438. eCollection 2020 Mar.
Fish processing produces a lot of by-products highly containing large amount of proteins which mainly consist of collagen, implying great potential value for application as nutraceutical ingredients. In present study, two kinds of sharks, and , were used as raw material to gain three kinds of "compound peptides" (CPs) by enzymolysis, FCP (CPs from the flesh of ), SCP (CPs from the skin of ), and SMG (CPs from the skin of ). According to a series of constituent analysis, the molecule weights of FCP, SCP, and SMG were under 800 Da; amino acids composition analysis of FCP, SCP, and SMG showed that there were high glycine, proline, and hydroxyproline and low cysteine contents in SCP and SMG, which is the characteristic of collagen peptides; their total protein contents were 87.500%, 91.875%, and 95.625%, respectively; and heavy metal contents of CPs were all beneath national standards. After three kinds of CPs were administrated intragastrically to C57BL/6 mice at a total dosage of 15 g/kg, bone-strengthening effects of SCP and SMG were manifested by osteoblasts activity promotion, bone mineral density (BMD) increase, and marrow adipocyte number decrease, yet nonsignificant effects were shown in FCP group. No index showed toxicity of SCP and SMG in subacute toxicology trial, indicating their safety as functional foods. Herein, industrial application foundation of the skins from these two sharks was explored but more efforts should subsequently be implemented for further exploitation.
鱼类加工会产生大量富含蛋白质的副产品，这些蛋白质主要由胶原蛋白组成，这意味着它们作为营养保健成分具有巨大的潜在应用价值。在本研究中，以两种鲨鱼（具体品种未给出）为原料，通过酶解获得了三种“复合肽”（CPs），即来自鱼肉的FCP、来自鱼皮的SCP和来自鱼皮的SMG。根据一系列成分分析，FCP、SCP和SMG的分子量均在800Da以下；FCP、SCP和SMG的氨基酸组成分析表明，SCP和SMG中甘氨酸、脯氨酸和羟脯氨酸含量高，半胱氨酸含量低，这是胶原蛋白肽的特征；它们的总蛋白含量分别为87.500%、91.875%和95.625%；CPs的重金属含量均低于国家标准。将三种CPs以15g/kg的总剂量灌胃给C57BL/6小鼠后，SCP和SMG通过促进成骨细胞活性、增加骨密度（BMD）和减少骨髓脂肪细胞数量表现出增强骨骼的作用，而FCP组则无显著作用。在亚急性毒理学试验中，没有指标显示SCP和SMG有毒性，表明它们作为功能性食品是安全的。在此，探索了这两种鲨鱼鱼皮的工业应用基础，但随后还需要付出更多努力进行进一步开发。
