Alson H. Smith Jr. Agricultural Research and Extension Center, School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Winchester, VA 22602, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Mar 18;21(6):2072. doi: 10.3390/ijms21062072.
is one of the most critical agro-economic phytopathogens and has been reported to cause gray mold disease in more than 1000 plant species. Meanwhile, small interfering RNA (siRNA), which induce RNA interference (RNAi), are involved in both host immunity and pathogen virulence. has been reported to use both siRNA effectors and host RNAi machinery to facilitate the progression of gray mold in host species. Accordingly, RNAi-based biofungicides that use double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) to target essential fungal genes are considered an emerging approach for controlling devastating gray mold diseases. Furthermore, spray-induced gene silencing (SIGS), in which the foliar application of dsRNA is used to silence the pathogen virulence genes, holds great potential as an alternative to host-induced gene silencing (HIGS). Recently, SIGS approaches have attracted research interest, owing to their ability to mitigate both pre- and post-harvest infections. The RNAi-mediated regulation of host immunity and susceptibility in -host interactions are summarized in this review, along with the limitations of the current knowledge of RNAi-based biofungicides, especially regarding SIGS approaches for controlling gray mold diseases under field conditions.
是一种最重要的农业经济植物病原真菌，据报道它可引起 1000 多种植物的灰霉病。同时，小干扰 RNA（siRNA）诱导 RNA 干扰（RNAi），参与宿主免疫和病原体毒力。据报道，利用 siRNA 效应物和宿主 RNAi 机制来促进宿主物种中灰霉病的进展。因此，基于 RNAi 的生物杀菌剂利用双链 RNA（dsRNA）靶向真菌的必需基因被认为是控制破坏性灰霉病的一种新兴方法。此外，喷雾诱导基因沉默（SIGS），其中叶面应用 dsRNA 来沉默病原体毒力基因，作为宿主诱导基因沉默（HIGS）的替代方法具有很大的潜力。最近，SIGS 方法引起了研究兴趣，因为它们能够减轻收获前和收获后的 感染。本文综述了 RNAi 介导的宿主免疫和易感性调节在 -宿主相互作用中的作用，以及 RNAi 为基础的生物杀菌剂的当前知识的局限性，特别是关于在田间条件下控制灰霉病的 SIGS 方法。
