孕期多溴联苯醚（PBDE）和全氟及多氟烷基物质（PFAS）暴露与产妇抑郁。
Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) and poly- and perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) exposures during pregnancy and maternal depression.
机构信息
Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas School of Public Health, 4700 S. Maryland Parkway, Suite 335, MS 3063, Las Vegas, NV 89119-3063, USA; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, P.O. Box 670056, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
Division of General and Community Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 7035, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
出版信息
Environ Int. 2020 Jun;139:105694. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105694. Epub 2020 Apr 5.
BACKGROUND
Experimental studies in rodents suggest that polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) may contribute to depressive symptoms. Few studies have examined the impact of these chemicals on depression in adults.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the associations between serum PBDE and PFAS concentrations during pregnancy and repeated measures of depressive symptoms in women assessed from pregnancy to 8 years postpartum.
METHODS
This study was based on 377 women from the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment Study, a birth cohort in Cincinnati, OH (USA). PBDEs (BDE-28, -47, -99, -100, -153, and ∑PBDEs) and PFAS (perfluorooctanoate [PFOA], perfluorooctane sulfonate [PFOS], perfluorohexane sulfonate [PFHxS], perfluorononanoate [PFNA]) were quantified in maternal serum at 16 ± 3 weeks gestation. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) at ~20 weeks gestation and up to seven times during postpartum visits (4 weeks, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 8 years). We used linear mixed models to estimate covariate-adjusted associations between chemical concentrations and repeated measures of BDI-II. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to estimate the relative risk ratios of having a medium or high depression trajectory.
RESULTS
We found that a 10-fold increase in BDE-28 at 16 ± 3 weeks gestation was associated with significantly increased BDI-II scores (β = 2.5 points, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.8, 4.2) from pregnancy to 8 years postpartum. Significant positive associations were also observed with BDE-47, -100, -153, and ∑PBDEs. A 10-fold increase in ∑PBDEs was associated with a 4.6-fold increased risk (95% CI 1.8, 11.8) of a high trajectory for BDI-II compared to a low trajectory. We observed no significant associations between PFAS and BDI-II scores.
CONCLUSION
PBDEs during pregnancy were associated with more depressive symptoms among women in this cohort.
背景
啮齿动物的实验研究表明，多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）和多氟及全氟烷基物质（PFAS）可能导致抑郁症状。很少有研究调查这些化学物质对成年人抑郁的影响。
目的
研究妊娠期间血清中 PBDE 和 PFAS 浓度与从妊娠到产后 8 年期间反复评估的女性抑郁症状之间的关联。
方法
这项研究基于俄亥俄州辛辛那提市健康结果和环境测量研究中的 377 名女性，这是一个出生队列。在妊娠 16 ± 3 周时，在母体血清中定量测定 PBDE（BDE-28、-47、-99、-100、-153 和∑PBDEs）和 PFAS（全氟辛酸 [PFOA]、全氟辛烷磺酸 [PFOS]、全氟己烷磺酸 [PFHxS]、全氟壬酸 [PFNA]）。在妊娠约 20 周和产后访视期间（4 周、1、2、3、4、5 和 8 年），使用贝克抑郁量表二项式（BDI-II）测量抑郁症状。使用线性混合模型估计化学浓度与 BDI-II 重复测量之间的协变量调整关联。使用多项逻辑回归模型估计具有中或高抑郁轨迹的相对风险比。
结果
我们发现，妊娠 16 ± 3 周时 BDE-28 增加 10 倍，与从妊娠到产后 8 年 BDI-II 评分显著增加（β=2.5 分，95%置信区间 [CI] 0.8，4.2）相关。BDE-47、-100、-153 和∑PBDEs 也存在显著正相关。与低轨迹相比，∑PBDEs 增加 10 倍，BDI-II 高轨迹的风险增加 4.6 倍（95% CI 1.8，11.8）。我们没有观察到 PFAS 与 BDI-II 评分之间的显著关联。
结论
妊娠期间的 PBDEs 与该队列中女性的更多抑郁症状有关。
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