细菌细胞的分裂。
Bacterial cell division at a glance.
机构信息
Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
出版信息
J Cell Sci. 2020 Apr 8;133(7):jcs237057. doi: 10.1242/jcs.237057.
Bacterial cell division is initiated by the midcell assembly of polymers of the tubulin-like GTPase FtsZ. The FtsZ ring (Z-ring) is a discontinuous structure made of dynamic patches of FtsZ that undergo treadmilling motion. Roughly a dozen additional essential proteins are recruited to the division site by the dynamic Z-ring scaffold and subsequently activate cell wall synthesis to drive cell envelope constriction during division. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster, we summarize our understanding of the assembly and activation of the bacterial cell division machinery. We introduce polymerization properties of FtsZ and discuss our current knowledge of divisome assembly and activation. We further highlight the intimate relationship between the structure and dynamics of FtsZ and the movement and activity of cell wall synthases at the division site, before concluding with a perspective on the most important open questions on bacterial cell division.
细菌细胞的分裂是由类似于微管的 GTP 酶 FtsZ 的聚合物在细胞中部的组装而引发的。FtsZ 环（Z 环）是一个不连续的结构，由经历踏车运动的 FtsZ 的动态斑块组成。大约十几个其他必需的蛋白质被动态 Z 环支架招募到分裂部位，随后激活细胞壁合成，在分裂过程中推动细胞包膜收缩。在本期《细胞科学一瞥》文章及其配套海报中，我们总结了我们对细菌细胞分裂机制的组装和激活的理解。我们介绍了 FtsZ 的聚合特性，并讨论了我们目前对分裂体组装和激活的了解。我们进一步强调了 FtsZ 的结构和动力学与分裂部位细胞壁合成酶的运动和活性之间的密切关系，最后展望了细菌细胞分裂中最重要的悬而未决的问题。
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