State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, 26 Beiqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
Department of health technology research and development, SPACEnter Space Science and Technology Institute (Shenzhen), 4 Shamiao Road, Pingdi Street, Longgang District, Shenzhen 518117, China.
Biomed Res Int. 2020 Mar 21;2020:2796510. doi: 10.1155/2020/2796510. eCollection 2020.
Physiological changes in humans are evident under environmental conditions similar to those on a Mars mission involving both a space factor (long-term isolation) and a time factor (the Mars solar day). However, very few studies have investigated the response of the liver to those conditions. Serum protein levels, bilirubin levels, aminotransferase activities, blood alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, lipid levels, and serum cytokines interleukin-6 and interferon- levels were analyzed 30 days before the mock mission; on days 2, 30, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120, 150, and 175 of the mission; and 30 days after the mission, in four subjects in 4-person 180-day Controlled Ecological Life Support System Experiment. Serum protein levels (total protein and globulin) decreased and bilirubin increased under the isolation environment from day 2 and exhibited chronic acclimatization from days 30 to 175. Effects of the Mars solar day were evident on day 75. Blood lipid levels were somewhat affected. No obvious peak in any enzyme level was detected during the mission. The change tendency of these results indicated that future studies should explore whether protein parameters especially globulin could serve as indicators of immunological function exposure to the stress of a Mars mission.
在类似于涉及空间因素（长期隔离）和时间因素（火星太阳日）的火星任务的环境条件下，人体会出现明显的生理变化。然而，很少有研究调查肝脏对这些条件的反应。在模拟任务前 30 天、任务第 2、30、60、75、90、105、120、150 和 175 天，以及任务结束后 30 天，对 4 名 4 人 180 天受控生态生命支持系统实验中的 4 名受试者进行了血清蛋白水平（总蛋白和球蛋白）、胆红素水平、转氨酶活性、血碱性磷酸酶、γ-谷氨酰转移酶、血脂水平和血清细胞因子白细胞介素-6 和干扰素-水平的分析。在隔离环境下，从第 2 天开始，血清蛋白水平（总蛋白和球蛋白）下降，胆红素升高，并从第 30 天开始表现出慢性适应。从第 75 天开始出现火星太阳日的影响。血脂水平受到一定影响。在任务期间，未检测到任何酶水平的明显峰值。这些结果的变化趋势表明，未来的研究应探讨蛋白质参数（特别是球蛋白）是否可以作为免疫功能暴露于火星任务压力的指标。
