Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18014 Granada, Spain.
Biomolecules. 2020 Apr 11;10(4):593. doi: 10.3390/biom10040593.
Current knowledge suggests that the uterus harbours its own microbiota, where the microbes could influence the uterine functions in health and disease; however, the core uterine microbial composition and the host-microbial relationships remain to be fully elucidated. Different studies are indicating, based on next-generation sequencing techniques, that microbial dysbiosis could be associated with several gynaecological disorders, such as endometriosis, chronic endometritis, dysfunctional menstrual bleeding, endometrial cancer, and infertility. Treatments using antibiotics and probiotics and/or prebiotics for endometrial microbial dysbiosis are being applied. Nevertheless there is no unified protocol for assessing the endometrial dysbiosis and no optimal treatment protocol for the established dysbiosis. With this review we outline the microbes (mostly bacteria) identified in the endometrial microbiome studies, the current treatments offered for bacterial dysbiosis in the clinical setting, and the future possibilities such as pro- and prebiotics and microbial transplants for modifying uterine microbial composition.
目前的知识表明，子宫内存在着自身的微生物群落，这些微生物可能会影响子宫在健康和疾病中的功能；然而，核心的子宫微生物组成和宿主-微生物关系仍有待充分阐明。基于下一代测序技术的不同研究表明，微生物失调可能与多种妇科疾病有关，如子宫内膜异位症、慢性子宫内膜炎、功能失调性子宫出血、子宫内膜癌和不孕。目前正在应用抗生素和益生菌以及/或益生元来治疗子宫内膜微生物失调。然而，目前还没有评估子宫内膜失调的统一方案，也没有针对已确定失调的最佳治疗方案。通过这篇综述，我们概述了在子宫内膜微生物组研究中鉴定出的微生物（主要是细菌）、目前在临床环境中为细菌失调提供的治疗方法，以及未来的可能性，如益生菌和益生元以及微生物移植，以改变子宫微生物组成。
