Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Obesity (DNPAO), National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (NCCDPHP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 4770 Buford Highway NE, Mail Stop F77, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA.
Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 W. 168th Street, PH-17, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
Matern Child Health J. 2020 Jun;24(6):709-717. doi: 10.1007/s10995-020-02918-2.
Frequent sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake is associated with weight gain in women, and pre-pregnancy overweight and excessive gestational weight gain are linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes. SSB intake information for women of reproductive age (WRA) is limited. We described SSB intake among non-pregnant and pregnant WRA and identified correlates of daily intake.
Using 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data, we analyzed SSB intake (regular soda, fruit drinks, sweet tea, sports/energy drinks) for 11,321 non-pregnant and 392 pregnant WRA (18-49 years) in 12 states and D.C. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for daily (≥ 1 time/day) SSB intake (reference: < 1 time/day) by characteristics were estimated using multivariable logistic regression.
Overall, 27.3% of non-pregnant and 21.9% of pregnant women reported consuming SSBs ≥ 1 time/day; 12.6% and 9.7%, respectively, consumed SSBs ≥ 2 times/day. Among non-pregnant women, odds of daily SSB intake were higher for women who were non-Hispanic black (aOR 2.04, 95% CI 1.55-2.69) vs. non-Hispanic white; had ≤ high school education (aOR 2.79, CI 2.26-3.44) or some college (aOR 1.85, CI 1.50-2.27) vs. college graduates; lived in nonmetropolitan counties (aOR 1.35, CI 1.11-1.63) vs. metropolitan; had no physical activity (aOR 1.72, CI 1.43-2.07) vs. some; were former (aOR 1.51, CI 1.17-1.94) or current (aOR 3.48, CI 2.82-4.28) smokers vs. nonsmokers. Among pregnant women, those not married had higher odds (aOR 2.81, CI 1.05-7.51) for daily SSB intake than married women.
One in five pregnant women and one in four non-pregnant women of reproductive age consumed SSBs at least once per day. Sociodemographic and behavioral correlates of daily SSB intake were identified.
频繁摄入含糖饮料与女性体重增加有关，而孕前超重和孕期体重过度增加与不良妊娠结局有关。关于育龄妇女（WRA）的含糖饮料摄入量信息有限。我们描述了非孕妇和孕妇 WRA 的含糖饮料摄入量，并确定了每日摄入量的相关因素。
使用 2017 年行为风险因素监测系统的数据，我们分析了 12 个州和哥伦比亚特区的 11321 名非孕妇和 392 名孕妇 WRA（18-49 岁）的含糖饮料摄入情况（常规苏打水、果汁饮料、甜茶、运动/能量饮料）。使用多变量逻辑回归估计了按特征的每日（≥1 次/天）含糖饮料摄入（参考：<1 次/天）的调整后比值比（aOR）。
总体而言，27.3%的非孕妇和 21.9%的孕妇报告每天至少饮用 1 次含糖饮料；分别有 12.6%和 9.7%的孕妇每天饮用 2 次以上含糖饮料。在非孕妇中，与非西班牙裔白人相比，非西班牙裔黑人（aOR 2.04，95%CI 1.55-2.69）、高中以下学历（aOR 2.79，CI 2.26-3.44）或部分大学学历（aOR 1.85，CI 1.50-2.27）的女性更有可能每天饮用含糖饮料；居住在非大都市县（aOR 1.35，CI 1.11-1.63）而非大都市县的女性；没有任何体育活动（aOR 1.72，CI 1.43-2.07）比有任何体育活动的女性；曾经（aOR 1.51，CI 1.17-1.94）或现在（aOR 3.48，CI 2.82-4.28）吸烟的女性比不吸烟的女性；与已婚女性相比，未婚女性（aOR 2.81，CI 1.05-7.51）每天饮用含糖饮料的可能性更高。
五分之一的孕妇和四分之一的育龄非孕妇每天至少饮用一次含糖饮料。确定了每日含糖饮料摄入量的社会人口学和行为相关因素。
