Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
Sleep. 2020 Oct 13;43(10). doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa076.
Sleep deprivation and circadian disruptions impair brain function and cognitive performance, but few studies have examined the effect of sleep inconsistency. Here, we investigated how inconsistent sleep duration and sleep timing between weekends (WE) and weekdays (WD) correlated with changes in behavior and brain function during task and at rest in 56 (30 female) healthy human participants.
WE-WD differences in sleep duration and sleep midpoint were calculated using 1-week actigraphy data. All participants underwent 3 Tesla blood-oxygen-level-dependent functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) to measure brain activity during a visual attention task (VAT) and in resting-state condition.
We found that WE-WD inconsistency of sleep duration and sleep midpoint were uncorrelated with each other (r = .08, p = .58) and influenced behavior and brain function differently. Our healthy participants showed relatively small WE-WD differences (WE-WD: 0.59 hours). Longer WE sleep duration (relative to WD sleep duration) was associated with better attentional performance (3-ball: β = .30, t = 2.35, p = .023; 4-ball: β = .30, t = 2.21, p = .032) and greater deactivation of the default mode network (DMN) during VAT (p < .05, cluster-corrected) and greater resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) between anterior DMN and occipital cortex (p < .01, cluster-corrected). In contrast, later WE sleep timing (relative to WD sleep timing) (WE-WD: 1.11 hours) was associated with worse performance (4-ball: β = -.33, t = -2.42, p = .020) and with lower occipital activation during VAT and with lower RSFC within the DMN.
Our results document the importance of consistent sleep timing for brain function in particular of the DMN and provide evidence of the benefits of WE catch-up sleep in healthy adults.
睡眠剥夺和昼夜节律紊乱会损害大脑功能和认知表现，但很少有研究探讨睡眠不规律的影响。在这里，我们研究了周末（WE）和工作日（WD）之间睡眠时间和睡眠时相的不一致如何与 56 名（30 名女性）健康人类参与者在任务期间和休息时的行为和大脑功能变化相关。
使用一周的活动记录仪数据计算睡眠时间和睡眠中点的 WE-WD 差异。所有参与者都接受了 3T 血氧水平依赖功能磁共振成像（fMRI），以测量视觉注意任务（VAT）期间和静息状态下的大脑活动。
我们发现，睡眠时间和睡眠中点的 WE-WD 不一致性彼此之间不相关（r =.08，p =.58），并且以不同的方式影响行为和大脑功能。我们的健康参与者表现出相对较小的 WE-WD 差异（WE-WD：0.59 小时）。较长的 WE 睡眠时间（相对于 WD 睡眠时间）与更好的注意力表现相关（3 球：β =.30，t = 2.35，p =.023；4 球：β =.30，t = 2.21，p =.032），并且在 VAT 期间默认模式网络（DMN）的去激活更大（p <.05，聚类校正），以及 DMN 与枕叶皮层之间的静息状态功能连接更大（p <.01，聚类校正）。相比之下，较晚的 WE 睡眠时相（相对于 WD 睡眠时相）（WE-WD：1.11 小时）与较差的表现相关（4 球：β = -.33，t = -2.42，p =.020），并且在 VAT 期间枕叶激活较低，并且 DMN 内的功能连接较低。
我们的研究结果记录了睡眠时相一致性对大脑功能的重要性，特别是对 DMN 的重要性，并提供了健康成年人 WE 补觉的好处的证据。
