Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 May 2;17(9):3164. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17093164.
The objective of this study was to assess the potential levels of burnout syndrome in occupational therapists in Spain, as well as the risk factors involved in its prevalence. The data were obtained through an online survey. The tool utilised for this purpose was the Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey (MBI-GS) that takes into consideration the following dimensions: emotional fatigue, depersonalisation and reduction of personal satisfaction. A sociodemographic questionnaire was also utilised. The sample of the study included 758 occupational therapists, 90.8% of whom were women and 9.2% of whom were men. For identifying the variables associated to the presence of burnout, the prevalence was compared through the chi-squared test, and the odds ratios by age were calculated through the binary logistic regression model. We found that 69.4% of the occupational therapists presented burnout syndrome and especially emotional fatigue (63.5%). Likewise, relevant and significant differences in the prevalence of burnout syndrome were observed depending on the age, marital status, number of children, work field and type of workday. We can conclude that burnout syndrome poses a clear risk for the health of occupational therapists that could have direct consequences on the work environment, affecting the way the interventions are performed with patients. This study could help to raise awareness on this reality and the factors implied. We suggest the implementation of measures (individual, labour and political) both for the prevention of burnout in occupational therapists as well as for reducing the levels of those who suffer from it.
本研究旨在评估西班牙职业治疗师中 burnout 综合征的潜在水平，以及其流行的相关风险因素。数据通过在线调查获得。为此目的使用的工具是 Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey（MBI-GS），它考虑了以下几个维度：情感疲劳、去人性化和个人满意度降低。还使用了一份社会人口统计学问卷。研究样本包括 758 名职业治疗师，其中 90.8%为女性，9.2%为男性。为了确定与 burnout 存在相关的变量，通过卡方检验比较患病率，并通过二元逻辑回归模型计算按年龄计算的优势比。我们发现，69.4%的职业治疗师出现了 burnout 综合征，特别是情感疲劳（63.5%）。同样，根据年龄、婚姻状况、子女数量、工作领域和工作日类型，观察到 burnout 综合征的患病率存在显著差异。我们可以得出结论，职业治疗师面临着 burnout 综合征的明显健康风险，这可能对工作环境产生直接影响，从而影响对患者的干预方式。本研究可以帮助提高对这一现实和所涉及因素的认识。我们建议实施针对职业治疗师 burnout 预防和降低患者水平的措施（个体、劳动和政治）。
