Faculty of Psychology: Social, Environmental, and Economic Psychology, University of Koblenz-Landau, Campus Landau, Fortstraße 7, 76829, Landau in der Pfalz, Germany.
Center of Methodologies, Diagnostics, and Evaluation, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany.
Arch Sex Behav. 2020 Jul;49(5):1645-1669. doi: 10.1007/s10508-020-01653-7. Epub 2020 May 6.
Attitude-change research requires sound attitude measures adequately predicting behavior. Most existing attitude measures focus on the cognitive (and some on the affective) attitude component (while neglecting the behavioral component). The present research introduces the SABA, a brief scale that consists of Scenarios measuring the Affective and Behavioral components of Attitudes toward lesbians and gay men. In two studies with student and non-student samples (n = 66, n = 202), we developed a 25-item scale and reduced it by performing exploratory factor analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis yielded two factors (affective and behavioral) for each version (SABA-L for attitudes toward lesbians, SABA-G for attitudes toward gay men). The reduced scales each contained five scenarios showing good reliability. High convergent validity and discriminant validity were shown using explicit and implicit attitude measures in a multitrait-multimethod analysis. Further, SABA scores correlated with the Modern Homonegativity Scale (MHS) and the Attitudes Toward Lesbians (ATL) and Gay Men Scale (ATG), but-as predicted-not with social anxiety and the Homopositivity Scale. The SABA's criterion and incremental validity were demonstrated in predicting attitude-related behavior better than the MHS. SABA scores showed established associations and differences in antigay attitudes based on age, religiousness, male role norms, authoritarianism, openness (SABA-G only), and sexual orientation, confirming (known-group) validity. Further, the SABA correlated less with the motivation to act without prejudice than the MHS, the ATL, and the ATG. Thus, outperforming existing attitude scales, the SABA appears to be a psychometrically sound instrument to measure attitudes toward lesbians and gay men.
态度改变研究需要可靠的态度测量来充分预测行为。大多数现有的态度测量方法侧重于认知（以及一些情感）态度成分（而忽略了行为成分）。本研究介绍了 SABA，这是一个简短的量表，由测量对女同性恋者和男同性恋者的态度的情感和行为成分的情境组成。在两项包含学生和非学生样本的研究中（n=66，n=202），我们开发了一个 25 项的量表，并通过探索性因素分析进行了简化。验证性因素分析为每个版本（用于女同性恋者态度的 SABA-L 和用于男同性恋者态度的 SABA-G）产生了两个因素（情感和行为）。简化后的量表每个版本都包含五个情境，具有良好的可靠性。在多特质-多方法分析中，使用明确和内隐态度测量方法显示了高的收敛效度和区分效度。此外，SABA 得分与现代同性恋厌恶量表（MHS）和对女同性恋者（ATL）和男同性恋者量表（ATG）的态度相关，但正如预测的那样，与社交焦虑和同性恋阳性量表无关。SABA 得分在预测与态度相关的行为方面优于 MHS，表现出了标准和增量效度。SABA 得分在基于年龄、宗教信仰、男性角色规范、专制主义、开放性（仅 SABA-G）和性取向的反同性恋态度方面显示出了既定的关联和差异，证实了（已知群体）的有效性。此外，SABA 与没有偏见的行动动机的相关性低于 MHS、ATL 和 ATG。因此，SABA 表现出良好的心理测量学特性，优于现有的态度量表，是测量对女同性恋者和男同性恋者的态度的可靠工具。
