Davis J R, Vanderploeg J M, Santy P A, Jennings R T, Stewart D F
Medical Operations Branch, NASA-Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas 77058.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1988 Dec;59(12):1185-9.
The incidence and severity of Space Motion Sickness (SMS) were determined from 24 flights of the Space Shuttle. A standardized questionnaire developed at the NASA-Johnson Space Center (JSC) was administered to all crewmembers postflight during an oral debriefing with the examining flight surgeon. Cases of SMS were graded mild, moderate or severe using criteria developed at the JSC. The incidence of SMS during a first Shuttle flight for 85 crewmembers was 67% (57 cases). There were 26 mild cases (30%), 20 moderate (24%), and 11 severe (13%). Differences were found between males and females, crew positions (Commander, Pilot, Mission Specialist, etc.), and age groups, which were not statistically significant (p greater than 0.05), but would suggest future research into the mechanism, prevention, and treatment of SMS. The 26 crewmembers with a second flight showed a reduction in SMS incidence to 46%, but the change was not significant compared with the first flight. Nine crewmembers (35%) showed a reduction in SMS severity comparing first and second flights, yet there was no significant difference in the mean time between flights for crewmembers with SMS versus asymptomatic crewmembers. Variability in crewmember training and flight experience may explain some of the differences observed.
通过24次航天飞机飞行任务确定了太空晕动病（SMS）的发病率和严重程度。在飞行后与检查飞行外科医生进行口头汇报时，向所有机组人员发放了由美国国家航空航天局约翰逊航天中心（JSC）制定的标准化问卷。根据JSC制定的标准，将SMS病例分为轻度、中度或重度。85名机组人员首次乘坐航天飞机飞行时，SMS的发病率为67%（57例）。其中轻度病例26例（30%），中度病例20例（24%），重度病例11例（13%）。在男性和女性、机组人员职位（指挥官、飞行员、任务专家等）以及年龄组之间发现了差异，但差异无统计学意义（p大于0.05），不过这表明未来需要对SMS的发病机制、预防和治疗进行研究。26名执行第二次飞行任务的机组人员中，SMS发病率降至46%，但与首次飞行相比，这一变化并不显著。9名机组人员（35%）在首次和第二次飞行之间的SMS严重程度有所降低，然而，患有SMS的机组人员与无症状机组人员两次飞行之间的平均时间并无显著差异。机组人员训练和飞行经验的差异可能解释了观察到的一些差异。
