Department of Anaesthesia, Valencia University General Hospital, Valencia, Spain.
Department of Statistics, O.R. Universitat de València, E- 46100-Burjassot, Spain.
Psychol Med. 2022 Jan;52(1):188-194. doi: 10.1017/S0033291720001671. Epub 2020 May 14.
The current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has a great impact worldwide. Healthcare workers play an essential role and are one of the most exposed groups. Information about the psychosocial impact on healthcare workers is limited.
3109 healthcare workers completed a national, internet-based, cross-sectional 45-item survey between 9 and 19 April 2020. The objective is to assess the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spanish healthcare workers. A Psychological Stress and Adaptation at work Score (PSAS) was defined combining four modified versions of validated psychological assessment tests (A) , (B) , (C) and (D) .
The highest psychosocial impact was perceived in Respiratory Medicine, the mean (S.D.) PSAS was 48.3 (13.6) and Geriatrics 47.6 (16.4). Higher distress levels were found in the geographical areas with the highest incidence of COVID-19 (>245.5 cases per 100 000 people), PSAS 46.8 (15.2); < 0.001. The least stress respondents were asymptomatic workers PSAS, 41.3 (15.4); < 0.001, as well as those above 60 years old, PSAS, 37.6 (16); < 0.001. Workers who needed psychological therapy and did not receive it, were more stressed PSAS 52.5 (13.6) than those who did not need it PSAS 39.7 (13.9); < 0.001.
The psychological impact in healthcare workers in Spain during COVID-19 emergency has been studied. The stress perceived is parallel to the number of cases per 100 000 people. Psychotherapy could have a major role to mitigate the experimented stress level.
当前的冠状病毒病（COVID-19）在全球范围内造成了巨大影响。医护人员发挥着至关重要的作用，是最易受感染的群体之一。关于医护人员心理社会影响的信息有限。
3109 名医护人员于 2020 年 4 月 9 日至 19 日期间完成了一项全国性的、基于互联网的、45 项的横断面调查。目的是评估 COVID-19 大流行对西班牙医护人员的心理影响。采用四个经过修改的验证心理评估测试（A）、（B）、（C）和（D）的版本，定义了心理压力和工作适应评分（PSAS）。
在呼吸医学领域，医护人员感受到的心理社会影响最大，平均（标准差）PSAS 为 48.3（13.6），老年医学为 47.6（16.4）。在 COVID-19 发病率最高的地理区域（每 10 万人中有超过 245.5 例）发现了更高的困扰水平，PSAS 为 46.8（15.2）；<0.001。压力最小的是无症状的工作人员 PSAS，为 41.3（15.4）；<0.001，以及 60 岁以上的工作人员 PSAS，为 37.6（16）；<0.001。需要心理治疗而未接受治疗的工作人员 PSAS 为 52.5（13.6），比不需要治疗的工作人员 PSAS 39.7（13.9）更有压力；<0.001。
研究了西班牙 COVID-19 紧急情况下医护人员的心理影响。所感受到的压力与每 10 万人中的病例数平行。心理治疗可能在减轻所经历的压力水平方面发挥重要作用。
