种植体宏观结构的变化能否加速骨整合过程？：一项体内实验生物力学和组织学评估。
Can changes in implant macrogeometry accelerate the osseointegration process?: An in vivo experimental biomechanical and histological evaluations.
机构信息
Department of Research, Biotecnos, Montevideo, Uruguay.
Department of Biotechnology, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2020 May 14;15(5):e0233304. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233304. eCollection 2020.
OBJECTIVES
The propose was to compare this new implant macrogeometry with a control implant with a conventional macrogeometry.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Eighty-six conical implants were divided in two groups (n = 43 per group): group control (group CON) that were used conical implants with a conventional macrogeometry and, group test (group TEST) that were used implants with the new macrogeometry. The new implant macrogeometry show several circular healing cambers between the threads, distributed in the implant body. Three implants of each group were used to scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) analysis and, other eighty samples (n = 40 per group) were inserted the tibia of ten rabbit (n = 2 per tibia), determined by randomization. The animals were sacrificed (n = 5 per time) at 3-weeks (Time 1) and at 4-weeks after the implantations (Time 2). The biomechanical evaluation proposed was the measurement of the implant stability quotient (ISQ) and the removal torque values (RTv). The microscopical analysis was a histomorphometric measurement of the bone to implant contact (%BIC) and the SEM evaluation of the bone adhered on the removed implants.
RESULTS
The results showed that the implants of the group TEST produced a significant enhancement in the osseointegration in comparison with the group CON. The ISQ and RTv tests showed superior values for the group TEST in the both measured times (3- and 4-weeks), with significant differences (p < 0.05). More residual bone in quantity and quality was observed in the samples of the group TEST on the surface of the removed implants. Moreover, the %BIC demonstrated an important increasing for the group TEST in both times, with statistical differences (in Time 1 p = 0.0103 and in Time 2 p < 0.0003).
CONCLUSIONS
Then, we can conclude that the alterations in the implant macrogeometry promote several benefits on the osseointegration process.
目的
本研究旨在比较新型种植体的宏观结构与具有传统宏观结构的对照种植体。
材料和方法
将 86 个锥形种植体分为两组（每组 43 个）：对照组（CON 组）使用具有传统宏观结构的锥形种植体，试验组（TEST 组）使用具有新型宏观结构的种植体。新型种植体的宏观结构在种植体体部之间显示出几个圆形愈合弓，分布在种植体体部。每组的三个种植体用于扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析，另外 80 个样本（每组 40 个）用于插入 10 只兔子的胫骨（每胫骨 2 只），通过随机化分组。在植入后 3 周（第 1 时间点）和 4 周（第 2 时间点），每组各处死 5 只动物。生物力学评估包括测量种植体稳定性指数（ISQ）和移除扭矩值（RTv）。微观分析是骨-种植体接触率（%BIC）的组织形态测量和对从种植体上移除的种植体上附着的骨的 SEM 评估。
结果
结果表明，与 CON 组相比，TEST 组的种植体在骨整合方面有显著提高。ISQ 和 RTv 测试结果表明，在两个测量时间（3 周和 4 周），TEST 组的结果均具有统计学差异（p < 0.05）。在从 TEST 组样本上移除的种植体表面观察到更多数量和质量的残留骨。此外，在两个时间点，TEST 组的%BIC 均有显著增加，差异有统计学意义（第 1 时间点 p = 0.0103，第 2 时间点 p < 0.0003）。
结论
因此，我们可以得出结论，种植体宏观结构的改变促进了骨整合过程中的多项益处。
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