Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
BMC Psychiatry. 2020 May 24;20(1):257. doi: 10.1186/s12888-020-02678-x.
Previous studies showed an association between dietary intakes and psychological disorders. This study aimed to assess the association between dietary intakes and psychiatric disorders in Iran.
In this cross sectional research, the data on 9965 adults were extracted from enrollment phase of Yazd Health Study (YaHS); a population-based cohort study on Iranian adults which was conducted during 2014 to 2016. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, tobacco use, history of chronic disease, and dietary assessment were collected using a validated researcher-made questionnaire. Moreover, anthropometric measurement was conducted. Psychological and physical activity assessments were also performed by depression, anxiety and stress scale questionnaire (DASS 21 items) and the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) respectively. Finally, multiple logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate relation between dietary intakes and psychological disorders.
After adjusting for the confounders, egg (depression: OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.52-0.98; anxiety: OR = 0.72, CI: 0.55-0.94), fruits (depression: OR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.43-0.82; anxiety: OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.53-0.91), milk (depression: OR = 0.72, CI: 0.58-0.89; anxiety: OR = 0.73, CI: 0.61-0.87), and yogurt (depression: OR = 0.67, CI: 0.47-0.97; anxiety: OR = 0.54, CI: 0.4-0.73) were found to have protective effects on depression and anxiety. Higher fish consumption was associated with greater depression odds (OR = 1.54, CI: 1.18-2.04). Vegetables' intake had an inverse relationship with anxiety (OR = 0.74, CI = 0.58-0.93) and stress (OR = 0.59, CI: 0.42-0.82). Fruits (OR = 0.6, CI: 0.43-0.85) and milk consumption (OR: 0.61, CI: 0.47-0.77) were found to have protective effects on stress.
Egg, fruits, milk, yogurt, and vegetables' consumption had an inverse relationship with psychiatric disorders; whereas, higher fish intake was associated with higher depression chance. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
先前的研究表明，饮食摄入与心理障碍之间存在关联。本研究旨在评估伊朗饮食摄入与精神疾病之间的关系。
在这项横断面研究中，从 Yazd 健康研究（YaHS）的入组阶段提取了 9965 名成年人的数据；这是一项针对伊朗成年人的基于人群的队列研究，于 2014 年至 2016 年进行。使用经过验证的研究人员制作的问卷收集了社会人口统计学特征、烟草使用、慢性病史和饮食评估的数据。此外，还进行了人体测量学测量。还通过抑郁、焦虑和压力量表问卷（DASS 21 项）和国际体力活动问卷（IPAQ）的简短形式分别进行了心理和身体活动评估。最后，使用多因素逻辑回归分析评估了饮食摄入与心理障碍之间的关系。
在调整混杂因素后，鸡蛋（抑郁：OR=0.72，95%CI：0.52-0.98；焦虑：OR=0.72，CI：0.55-0.94）、水果（抑郁：OR=0.60，95%CI：0.43-0.82；焦虑：OR=0.70，95%CI：0.53-0.91）、牛奶（抑郁：OR=0.72，CI：0.58-0.89；焦虑：OR=0.73，CI：0.61-0.87）和酸奶（抑郁：OR=0.67，CI：0.47-0.97；焦虑：OR=0.54，CI：0.4-0.73）对抑郁和焦虑具有保护作用。较高的鱼类摄入量与抑郁几率增加有关（OR=1.54，CI：1.18-2.04）。蔬菜的摄入与焦虑呈负相关（OR=0.74，CI：0.58-0.93）和压力（OR=0.59，CI：0.42-0.82）。水果（OR=0.6，CI：0.43-0.85）和牛奶摄入（OR：0.61，CI：0.47-0.77）被发现对压力有保护作用。
鸡蛋、水果、牛奶、酸奶和蔬菜的摄入与精神疾病呈负相关；而较高的鱼类摄入量与较高的抑郁几率有关。需要进一步的前瞻性研究来证实这些发现。
