Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia; Discipline of Sport and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia.
J Sci Med Sport. 2020 Dec;23(12):1215-1219. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2020.04.020. Epub 2020 May 4.
The aim of this study was to investigate whether 4 weeks of endurance training could improve tolerance to mental exertion in untrained participants.
Longitudinal training study.
Twenty untrained young adults (14 F, 6 M; 27.6±6.2 years) completed a 4-week training protocol in a randomised and counterbalanced order. Baseline and follow-up assessment were conducted over three sessions in the week preceding and following the training period. During session 1, participants completed an incremental maximal ramp test. During sessions 2 and 3 participants completed a 15min cycling time trial preceded by either a mental exertion or control conditions. Following baseline assessments, participants were randomised into a physical training or placebo group that completed the training intervention thrice weekly over four weeks.
The physical training resulted in increase in VO peak relative to the placebo group (p=0.003). Linear Mixed Models utilising the control condition time trial performance as a covariate found the physical training group increased their time trial distance following the mental exertion condition to a greater extent than the placebo group (p=0.03). RPE during the time trial and perceptual measures of mental exertion did not significantly change between groups (all p>0.10) although interaction effects were observed when considering the RPE-power output relationship during the time trial.
Four weeks of endurance training increased tolerance to mental exertion in untrained participants during a subsequent physical performance, but not during prolonged cognitive performance. This finding suggests that the ability to tolerate mental exertion is trainable in at least some contexts and highlights the far-reaching benefits of endurance training.
本研究旨在探讨 4 周的耐力训练是否能提高未经训练的参与者对精神疲劳的耐受能力。
纵向训练研究。
20 名未经训练的年轻成年人（14 名女性，6 名男性；27.6±6.2 岁）以随机和对照的顺序完成了 4 周的训练方案。在训练期之前和之后的一周内，进行了三次基线和随访评估。在第 1 次评估期间，参与者完成了递增最大斜坡测试。在第 2 次和第 3 次评估期间，参与者在心理疲劳或对照条件下进行了 15 分钟的自行车计时赛。在基线评估后，参与者被随机分为物理训练或安慰剂组，每周进行 3 次训练干预，共进行 4 周。
与安慰剂组相比，物理训练使 VO 峰值相对增加（p=0.003）。利用对照条件下计时赛成绩作为协变量的线性混合模型发现，与安慰剂组相比，物理训练组在心理疲劳条件下的计时赛距离增加了更多（p=0.03）。在计时赛期间，RPE 和心理疲劳的感知测量在两组之间没有显著变化（所有 p>0.10），尽管当考虑计时赛期间的 RPE-功率输出关系时，观察到了交互效应。
4 周的耐力训练增加了未经训练的参与者在随后的身体表现中对精神疲劳的耐受能力，但在长时间的认知表现中没有增加。这一发现表明，在某些情况下，耐受精神疲劳的能力是可训练的，这突出了耐力训练的深远益处。
