Nicholson John W, Sidhu Sharanbir K, Czarnecka Beata
Dental Materials Unit, Bart's and the London Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
Bluefield Centre for Biomaterials, 67-68 Hatton Garden, London EC1N 8JY, UK.
Materials (Basel). 2020 May 31;13(11):2510. doi: 10.3390/ma13112510.
This paper reviews the strategies that have been reported in the literature to attempt to reinforce glass-ionomer dental cements, both conventional and resin-modified. These cements are widely used in current clinical practice, but their use is limited to regions where loading is not high. Reinforcement might extend these applications, particularly to the posterior dentition. A variety of strategies have been identified, including the use of fibres, nanoparticles, and larger particle additives. One problem revealed by the literature survey is the limited extent to which researchers have used International Standard test methods. This makes comparison of results very difficult. However, it does seem possible to draw conclusions from this substantial body of work and these are (1) that powders with conventional particle sizes do not reinforce glass-ionomer cements, (2) certain fibres and certain nanoparticles give distinct improvements in strength, and (3) in the case of the nanoparticles these improvements are associated with differences in the morphology of the cement matrix, in particular, a reduction in the porosity. Despite these improvements, none of the developments has yet been translated into clinical use.
本文综述了文献中报道的旨在增强传统型和树脂改性型玻璃离子水门汀的策略。这些水门汀在当前临床实践中被广泛使用，但其应用仅限于负荷不高的区域。增强可能会扩展这些应用，特别是在后牙列。已确定了多种策略，包括使用纤维、纳米颗粒和较大颗粒添加剂。文献调查揭示的一个问题是，研究人员使用国际标准测试方法的程度有限。这使得结果比较非常困难。然而，从大量的研究工作中似乎确实可以得出结论，即：（1）具有传统粒径的粉末不能增强玻璃离子水门汀；（2）某些纤维和某些纳米颗粒能显著提高强度；（3）就纳米颗粒而言，这些改进与水门汀基质形态的差异有关，特别是孔隙率的降低。尽管有这些改进，但这些进展尚未转化为临床应用。
