Sundaram Tamil Selvi, Giromini Carlotta, Rebucci Raffaella, Baldi Antonella
Department of Veterinary Science for Health, Animal Production and Food Safety, University of Milan, Via Trentacoste 2, 20134 Milan, Italy.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 68/73, 04181 Košice, Slovakia.
Animals (Basel). 2020 May 31;10(6):956. doi: 10.3390/ani10060956.
Marine and plant-based omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) are widely added to animal diets to promote growth and immunity. We tested the hypothesis that eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and their 1:2 combination could counteract acute or long-term damage of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) and hydrogen peroxide (HO) in Intestinal Porcine Epithelial Cell line-J2 (IPEC-J2). The results showed that 24 h treatment with EPA or DHA exhibited proliferative effects in IPEC-J2 cells at low to moderate concentrations (6.25-50 μM) ( < 0.05). Further, 24 h pretreatment with individual DHA (3.3 µM), EPA (6.7 µM) or as DHA:EPA (1:2; 10 µM) combination increased the mitochondrial activity or cell membrane integrity post-LPS (24 h), DSS (24 h) and HO (1 h) challenge ( < 0.05). Additionally, DHA:EPA (1:2, 10 µM) combination decreased the apoptotic caspase-3/7 activity around twofold after 24 h LPS and DSS challenge ( < 0.05). Our study confirms the proliferative and cytoprotective properties of EPA and DHA in IPEC-J2 cells. Increased intracellular mitochondrial activity and cell membrane integrity by ω-3 PUFAs can play a role in preventing enterocyte apoptosis during acute or chronic inflammatory and oxidative stress.
海洋和植物来源的ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸（ω-3 PUFAs）被广泛添加到动物饲料中以促进生长和增强免疫力。我们检验了以下假设：二十碳五烯酸（EPA）、二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）及其1:2组合能够对抗脂多糖（LPS）、葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）和过氧化氢（HO）对猪肠上皮细胞系-J2（IPEC-J2）造成的急性或长期损伤。结果显示，在低至中等浓度（6.25 - 50 μM）下用EPA或DHA处理24小时，对IPEC-J2细胞具有增殖作用（P < 0.05）。此外，用单独的DHA（3.3 µM）、EPA（6.7 µM）或DHA:EPA（1:2；10 µM）组合进行24小时预处理，可在LPS（24小时）、DSS（24小时）和HO（1小时）刺激后提高线粒体活性或细胞膜完整性（P < 0.05）。另外，在LPS和DSS刺激24小时后，DHA:EPA（1:2，10 µM）组合使凋亡的半胱天冬酶-3/7活性降低了约两倍（P < 0.05）。我们的研究证实了EPA和DHA在IPEC-J2细胞中的增殖和细胞保护特性。ω-3 PUFAs增加细胞内线粒体活性和细胞膜完整性，可在预防急性或慢性炎症及氧化应激期间肠细胞凋亡中发挥作用。
