Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knoell-Institute, Beutenbergstraße 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany; Junior Research Group Adaptive Pathogenicity Strategies, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute, Beutenbergstraße 11a 07745, Jena, Germany.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2020 Aug;56:7-15. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2020.05.006. Epub 2020 Jun 27.
Candida albicans is a regular member of the intestinal microbiota in the majority of the human population. This underscores C. albicans' adaptation to life in the intestine without inducing competitive interactions with other microbes, or immune responses detrimental to its survival. However, specific conditions such as a dysbalanced microbiome, a suppression of the immune system, and an impaired intestinal barrier can predispose for invasive, mostly nosocomial, C. albicans infections. Colonization of the intestine and translocation through the intestinal barrier are fundamental aspects of the processes preceding life-threatening systemic candidiasis. Insights into C. albicans' commensal lifestyle and translocation can thus help us to understand how patients develop candidiasis, and may provide leads for therapeutic strategies aimed at preventing infection. In this review, we discuss the commensal lifestyle of C. albicans in the intestine, the role of morphology for commensalism, the influence of diet, and the interactions with bacteria of the microbiota.
白色念珠菌是大多数人群肠道微生物群的正常成员。这突出了白色念珠菌在肠道中的适应能力，而不会引起与其他微生物的竞争相互作用或对其生存不利的免疫反应。然而，特定条件，如微生物组失衡、免疫系统抑制和肠道屏障受损，可能会导致侵袭性、主要是医院获得性的白色念珠菌感染。肠道定植和穿过肠道屏障的易位是危及生命的系统性念珠菌病之前的过程中的基本方面。因此，对白色念珠菌共生生活方式和易位的了解可以帮助我们了解患者如何发生念珠菌病，并可能为旨在预防感染的治疗策略提供线索。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了白色念珠菌在肠道中的共生生活方式、形态对共生的作用、饮食的影响以及与微生物群细菌的相互作用。
