Prasad Ankush, Gouripeddi Prabhakar, Devireddy Hanumanth Rao Naidu, Ovsii Alina, Rachakonda Dattatreya Prabhu, Wijk Roeland Van, Pospíšil Pavel
Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Sai Society for Advanced Scientific Research, Muddenahalli, Chikkaballapur 562101, Karnataka, India.
Biology (Basel). 2020 Jun 26;9(6):139. doi: 10.3390/biology9060139.
It is well established that every living organism spontaneously emits photons referred to as ultra-weak photon emission (synonym biophotons or low-level chemiluminescence) which inherently embodies information about the wellbeing of the source. In recent years, efforts have been made to use this feature as a non-invasive diagnostic tool related to the detection of food quality, agriculture and biomedicine. The current study deals with stress resulting from wounding (mechanical injury) on and how it modifies the spontaneous ultra-weak photon emission. The ultra-weak photon emission from control (non-wounded) and stressed (wounded) plants was monitored using different modes of ultra-weak photon emission measurement sensors like charge-coupled device (CCD) cameras and photomultiplier tubes (PMT) and the collected data were analyzed to determine the level of stress generated, photon emission patterns, and underlying biochemical process. It is generally considered that electronically excited species formed during the oxidative metabolic processes are responsible for the ultra-weak photon emission. In the current study, a high-performance cryogenic full-frame CCD camera was employed for two-dimensional in-vivo imaging of ultra-weak photon emission (up to several counts/s) and the spectral analysis was done by using spectral system connected to a PMT. The results show that Arabidopsis subjected to mechanical injury enhances the photon emission and also leads to changes in the spectral pattern of ultra-weak photon emission. Thus, ultra-weak photon emission can be used as a tool for oxidative stress imaging and can pave its way into numerous plant application research.
众所周知，每个生物体都会自发发射光子，即超微弱光子发射（同义词：生物光子或低水平化学发光），其本身蕴含着有关光源健康状况的信息。近年来，人们致力于将这一特性用作与食品质量检测、农业和生物医学相关的非侵入性诊断工具。当前的研究涉及创伤（机械损伤）对植物造成的应激以及这种应激如何改变自发超微弱光子发射。使用电荷耦合器件（CCD）相机和光电倍增管（PMT）等不同模式的超微弱光子发射测量传感器，监测对照（未受伤）和受应激（受伤）植物的超微弱光子发射，并对收集到的数据进行分析，以确定产生的应激水平、光子发射模式和潜在的生化过程。一般认为，氧化代谢过程中形成的电子激发态物质是超微弱光子发射的原因。在当前研究中，使用高性能低温全帧CCD相机对超微弱光子发射（高达每秒数计数）进行二维体内成像，并使用连接到PMT的光谱系统进行光谱分析。结果表明，遭受机械损伤的拟南芥会增强光子发射，还会导致超微弱光子发射光谱模式的变化。因此，超微弱光子发射可作为氧化应激成像的工具，并可为众多植物应用研究开辟道路。
